BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Dna Gyrase, Helicase, Viral Vector
14 Nov 2016
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Genes code dna, contain instructions for building proteins. Allele version of a gene, give a trait more than 1 physical appearance (round/almond eyes) Plasmids small circular section of dna in cytosol that can exit or enter bacterial cells. Dna helicase zipper, unwinds double helical dna, disrupting h bonds. Ssbs single strand binding protein keeps strands separate (safety cap) Replication fork region where enzymes replicating dna are untwisted. Replication bubble formed by 2 replication forks. Eukaryotes dna stored as chromosomes in nucleus, wrapped around histones then bundled to form chromatin fibers. Prokaryotes less complex, stored in nucleoid, in cytosol. To fit inside nucleus, dna strands wrap around clusters of 8 histone proteins to form a nucleosome. Complete set of an orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)"s genetic information. (cid:1005)(cid:1012)(cid:1010)(cid:1004)"s a phosphorus-rich substance was found in nuclei of cells. Fredrick meischer discovered (cid:862)(cid:374)u(cid:272)lei(cid:374)(cid:863) a(cid:374)d esta(cid:271)lished it as the hereditary molecule. Used bacteriophage & radioisotopes of p & sulfur to determine that dna contains instructions for replication.
