BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Multicellular Organism, Chitin

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9 Feb 2016

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The correct answer is: dna is usually present as a single, circular chromosome; smaller circular dna plasmids may be present. Select one: the cells are similar in size and inner complexity to those of members of the. Eukarya: these cells lack dna, these organisms can make use of a very wide range of carbon and energy sources compared to the eukarya, they are not considered to be true cells. The correct answer is: these organisms can make use of a very wide range of carbon and energy sources compared to the eukarya. autotroph and heterotroph are terms used to describe. The correct answer is: the carbon source used by an organism. The correct answer is: scientists know the function of all the genes in the organism"s genome. The correct answer is: provides an efficient and versatile way of coupling stepwise reactions. Diversity is not the result of a variation in heritable traits combined with selective pressure that affect survival.

Related Questions

View/perform/read ALL THREE of the following prior to answeringthe questions.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120078/micro10.swf::Stepsin Cloning a Gene (Links to an external site.)

http://www.discoverbiotech.com/wiki/-/wiki/Main/Applications ofCloning (Links to an external site.)

http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cloning/cloning.htm(Links to an external site.)

Skip to question text.

From the list below, which of the following is the most logicalsequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid andinserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
I. Transformbacteria with recombinant DNA molecule
II. Cutthe plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes
III. Extractplasmid DNA from bacterial cells
IV. Hydrogen-bondthe plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA fragments
V. Useligase to seal plasmid DNA to nonplasmid DNA

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Plasmids (or vectors) are important in biotechnology becausethey are

a vehicle for the insertion of recombinant DNA intobacteria.

surfaces for respiratory processes in bacteria.

recognition sites on recombinant DNA strands.

surfaces for protein synthesis in eukaryotic recombinants.

proviruses incorporated into the host DNA

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Plasmids are put into bacterial cells by

restriction enzymes

DNA ligase

binding of cohesive sticky ends

transformation

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Restriction enzymes usually

cut donor DNA evenly so smooth edges result

cut donor DNA but do not affect plasmids

make staggered cuts at specific sequences in DNA in both donorDNA and plasmid

are used in ligating plasmids into bacterial host cells

more than one of the above

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After combining DNA fragments in a cloning experiment, ___ isused to covalently join the DNA segments.

Restriction enzyme

DNA Ligase

Reverse transcriptase

DNA polymerase

Helicase

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It is theoretically possible for a gene from any organism tofunction in any other organism. Why is this possible?

All organisms have ribosomes.

All organisms have the same genetic code.

All organisms are made up of cells.

All organisms have similar nuclei.

All organisms have transfer RNA.

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Skip to question text.

Assume that you are trying to insert a gene into a plasmid andsomeone gives you a DNA sample cut with restriction enzyme X. Thegene you wish to insert from the given sample has sites on bothends for cutting by restriction enzyme Y. You have a plasmid with asingle site for Y, but not for X. Your strategy should be to

cut the plasmid with restriction enzyme X and insert thefragments cut with Y into the plasmid.

cut the plasmid with enzyme X and then insert the gene into theplasmid.

cut the DNA again with restriction enzyme Y and insert thesefragments into the plasmid cut with the same enzyme.

cut the plasmid twice with restriction enzyme Y and ligate thetwo fragments onto the ends of the human DNA fragments cut withrestriction enzyme X.

insert the fragments cut with X directly into the plasmidwithout cutting the plasmid.

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Which of the following is/are false in regard to expressionplasmids (also called expression vectors)?

They are used to make proteins using a cloned gene.

They contain a promotor.

They are the first plasmid type used to clone a gene.

They contain a terminator.

More than one of the above is false.

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What is NOT a potential problem(s) associated with usingbacteria containing a cloned eukaryotic gene (e.g. a human gene) toproduce a functional protein?

If the eukaryotic gene contains introns the bacteria will notremove them and the resulting amino acid sequence will be differentthat that made by a eukaryote.

The bacteria may not fold the protein correctly.

The bacteria may degrade the protein.

All of the above are potential problems.

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Cloning allows for production of proteins in much larger amountsthan occurs in the cells from which the gene is isolated.

True

False

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Question 111 pts

Gene cloning is used to do all of the following except

Make insulin

Making genetically identical animals (e.g. Dolly thesheep)

Make vaccines

Perform Gene Therapy

Making genetically engineered plants

Flag this Question

In your

rubyhedgehog47

View/perform/read ALL THREE of the following prior to answeringthe questions.

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::535::535::/sites/dl/free/0072437316/120078/micro10.swf::Stepsin Cloning a Gene (Links to an external site.)

http://www.discoverbiotech.com/wiki/-/wiki/Main/Applications ofCloning (Links to an external site.)

http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cloning/cloning.htm(Links to an external site.)

Skip to question text.

Flag this Question

Plasmids (or vectors) are important in biotechnology becausethey are

a vehicle for the insertion ofrecombinant DNA into bacteria.

surfaces for respiratoryprocesses in bacteria.

recognition sites onrecombinant DNA strands.

surfaces for protein synthesisin eukaryotic recombinants.

proviruses incorporated intothe host DNA

Flag this Question

Plasmids are put into bacterial cells by

restriction enzymes

DNA ligase

binding of cohesive stickyends

transformation

Flag this Question

Restriction enzymes usually

cut donor DNA evenly so smoothedges result

cut donor DNA but do notaffect plasmids

make staggered cuts atspecific sequences in DNA in both donor DNA and plasmid

are used in ligating plasmidsinto bacterial host cells

more than one of theabove

Flag this Question

After combining DNA fragments in a cloning experiment, ___ isused to covalently join the DNA segments.

Restriction enzyme

DNA Ligase

Reverse transcriptase

DNA polymerase

Helicase

Flag this Question

It is theoretically possible for a gene from any organism tofunction in any other organism. Why is this possible?

All organisms haveribosomes.

All organisms have the samegenetic code.

All organisms are made up ofcells.

All organisms have similarnuclei.

All organisms have transferRNA.

Flag this Question

Skip to question text.

cut the plasmid withrestriction enzyme X and insert the fragments cut with Y into theplasmid.

cut the plasmid with enzyme Xand then insert the gene into the plasmid.

cut the DNA again withrestriction enzyme Y and insert these fragments into the plasmidcut with the same enzyme.

cut the plasmid twice withrestriction enzyme Y and ligate the two fragments onto the ends ofthe human DNA fragments cut with restriction enzyme X.

insert the fragments cut withX directly into the plasmid without cutting the plasmid.

Flag this Question

Which of the following is/are false in regard to expressionplasmids (also called expression vectors)?

They are used to make proteinsusing a cloned gene.

They contain a promotor.

They are the first plasmidtype used to clone a gene.

They contain aterminator.

More than one of the above isfalse.

Flag this Question

What is NOT a potential problem(s) associated with usingbacteria containing a cloned eukaryotic gene (e.g. a human gene) toproduce a functional protein?

If the eukaryotic genecontains introns the bacteria will not remove them and theresulting amino acid sequence will be different that that made by aeukaryote.

The bacteria may not fold theprotein correctly.

The bacteria may degrade theprotein.

All of the above are potentialproblems.

Flag this Question

Cloning allows for production of proteins in much larger amountsthan occurs in the cells from which the gene is isolated.

True

False

Flag this Question

Question 111 pts

Gene cloning is used to do all of the following except

Make insulin

Making genetically identicalanimals (e.g. Dolly the sheep)

Make vaccines

Perform Gene Therapy

Making genetically engineeredplants

Flag this Question

In your

mauvecattle119

Question 401 pts

Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True

False

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Question 411 pts

When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.

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Question 421 pts

Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.

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Question 431 pts

Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.

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Question 441 pts

Organic molecules have a core composed of .

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Question 451 pts

The building blocks of carbohydrates are

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Question 461 pts

Water molecules crossing a membrane from high to low concentration is .

active transport

cell fate

facilitated diffusion

osmosis

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Question 471 pts

Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.

phospholipids

transmembrane channel proteins

cell surface proteins

carbohydrate chains

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Question 481 pts

The simplest cells are .

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Question 491 pts

Which of the following membrane bound organelles are found inside bacterial cells:

nucleus

organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells

mitochondria

chloroplasts

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Question 501 pts

Which of the following is a specialized components of the cell, is associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum, and is responsible for making proteins.

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Question 511 pts

Proteins are sorted, modified, and packaged by the _____________ and later transported to the outside of the cell.

ribosomes

golgi bodies (golgi apparatus)

nucleus

mitochondria

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Question 521 pts

Dehydration synthesis is a process of linking two smaller subunits together to form a polymer. Which of the following statements below is true of dehydration synthesis?

Oxygen is consumed.

A water molecule is removed from the molecules.

A water molecule is added to the molecules

Carbon dioxide is given off.

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Question 531 pts

Proteins are made up of _________ held together by peptide bonds.

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Question 541 pts

Which of the following gives an amino acid its properties?

NH2

R Group or functional group

COOH

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Question 551 pts

The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.

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Question 561 pts

How do DNA and RNA differ?

all statements are differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded.

They have different sugars.

Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA.

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Question 571 pts

Which of the following is a component of a DNA nucleotide?

phosphate

a nitrogen containing base

All are components of a nucleotide.

5-carbon sugar

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Question 581 pts

Cell membranes are made up of several different types of molecules. Select the membrane molecule below that is made up of a polar region and two non-polar fatty acid tails.

transmembrane proteins

carbohydrate chains

phospholipids

cell surface proteins

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Question 591 pts

Two organelles which are believed to have once been free-living bacterial cells are ____________ and ______________.

chloroplasts and mitochondria

golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum

ribosomes and nucleolus

peroxisomes and lysosomes

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Question 601 pts

The is an extensive system of internal membranes responsible for producing carbohydrates and lipids.

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

rough endoplasmic reticulum

nucleolus

mitochondria

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BIOL 1000 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Endoplasmic Reticulum, Multicellular Organism, Chitin

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