BIOL 2040- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 51 pages long!)
Document Summary
3: dna structure facilitates replication & error correction, dna synthesis (replication) occurs at a specific time during the cell cycle. Information stored in dna is expressed: information is transcribed from dna to rna molecule, information is translated from rna to a protein through a code that specifies the amino acid sequence. Replication process (in vivo: a complementary rna primer is synthesized and dna is added. Y(cid:374)thesis o(cid:272)(cid:272)u(cid:396)s i(cid:374) the 5" to 3" di(cid:396)e(cid:272)tio(cid:374). Synthesis on lagging strand is discontinuous, resulting in the production of okazaki fragments. Synthesis on leading strand is continuous and rna primers are used to initiate synthesis on both strands: laggi(cid:374)g te(cid:373)plate st(cid:396)a(cid:374)d is (cid:862)looped(cid:863) i(cid:374) o(cid:396)de(cid:396) to i(cid:374)(cid:448)e(cid:396)t the physi(cid:272)al direction of synthesis, but not the biochemical direction. The enzyme functions as a dimer, with each core enzyme achieving synthesis on one or the other strand: proofreading occurs to make sure that synthesis is more successful.
