EN 2643 Study Guide - Final Guide: Dactylic Hexameter, Remedia Amoris, Oxyrhynchus Papyri

• School: York University
• Department: English
• Course: EN 2643
• Professor: Christopher Dewdney

Document Summary

Homo-erectus: upright man = drop of larynx = vocalization *30,000 y/a language evidence. Speech cortex: brodmann"s area 44 (44+45 = broca"s area - left temporal lobe) Homo heidelbergensis: exaptation of area 44 = language 600,000 y/a. Females: 9-10 months vs. males: 12-14 months. Zagros, mesopotamia: regions in iran where tokens are found. Tokens: shapes of clay with holes in center - transaction/stock tracking. Bullae: had description of contents on outside (aka cuneiform) Pictograph: turn symbol 90 degrees left (our brain likes edge-features on letters) Phoenicians: 1,000 bc phoenician alphabet - 22 signs - greek, roman, arabic, etc. Read & write ability: 6,000 years ago. George lakoff: linguist @ berkley university metaphors are ubiquitous . Ferdinand de saussure: french linguist (course in general linguistics) Syntagmatic axis: beginning to end of sentence. Paradigmatic axis: synonyms/personal association of each word. Etymological axis: diachronic axis, historical axis of each word. Syntagmatic view: disk gets larger with every word (accumulate meaning)