MODR 1770 Study Guide - Ad Hominem, Syntactic Ambiguity, Miscarriage
Document Summary
An argument consists of one or more premises and one conclusion. A fallacy is, very generally, an error in reasoning. Abusive ad hominem (aka attacking the person) Basic form: x is a bad/defective person, therefore x"s argument is bad/defective. Circumstantial ad hominem (aka attacking the motive) Attacks the circumstances (interests) of the person making the argument. It suggests they have an ulterior motive, typically self-interested /selfish motive. Poisoning the well (not explained well in engel) The common denominator among definitions in different books: trying to preclude in advance consideration of the person"s argument (keep in mind the metaphor of poisoning the well and only apply when the metaphor applies) Rejects the argument before the person has not made the argument yet (hasn"t started) (linked to 1st n 2nd) Rejecting a person"s argument against you because it applies to them as well. Eg: 1st smoker tells 2nd smoker that he should stop smoking.