BIOL 1020 Study Guide - Final Guide: Haemophilia B, Semiconservative Replication, Methionine

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BIOL 1020 Full Course Notes

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Avery et al. used experiment performed by _______ to show that nucleic acid is the genetic material: hershey & chase, rosalind, griffith. Griffith found that the _______ strain of the pneumococcus bacterium was virulent and would cause disease: a, b, r, s. An organism with the genotype of aabb (a and b are on different chromosomes) can produce. _____different type of gametes: 8, 4, 2, 6. An organism with a dominant phenotype is crossed with a homozygous recessive organism. None of the numerous offspring are homozygous recessive. The genotype of the dominant parent is: aa, aa, aa, ab. People expressing the cystic fibrosis trait are ___________ for the disease gene: homozygous dominant, homozygous recessive, heterozygous, x-linked. Each is a component of the dna nucleotide except a: pentose sugar, nitrogen base, phosphate group, fatty acid. The two strands of the dna double helix are: parallel, antiparallel, polypeptides, semiconservative. Dna replication is best described as being: dispersive, conservative, nonconservative d. semiconservative.

Related Questions

Q.In the non-9:3:3:1 ratio dihybrid cross below, there are 3 classes of phenotypes: white, pink, red which of the following is NOT true?

9 A_B_ white

3 A_bb pink

3 aaB_ red

1 aabb red

a.) phenotype is dependent on the genotype of gene B

b.) This is an example of recessive episasis

c.) aa is epistatic to B_, and bb

d.) phenotype is dependent on the genotype of gene A

Q,When choosing a selectable marker, you...

a.) choose a enhancer for your gene of interest

b.) choose a rescue gene to save your gene of interest

c.) choose a resistant gene that will allow for colony screening

d.) choose a gene that encodes for DNA replication

Q.The following steps detail an experiment resulting in transgenic mice with a knockout gene for fur color. Recall that agouti (brown) mice are A/A;M/M and black fur coats are a/a;M/M . List the steps in their correct chronological order.

1.Inject transformed agouti embryotic cells into an a/a;M/M embryo to produce A/A;M/m and a/a;M/M altered embryo

2.Self-cross hemizygous mice to produce homozygous transgenic mice (A/-;M/m)

3.Create a a targeting vector containing tk+ for ganciclovir sensitivity, neoR for neomycin resistance, and the gene encoding fur color.

4.Observe mice with chimeric phenotype and cross them with black a/a;M/M mice to produce transgenic hemizygous progeny (A/a;M/m)

5.Isolate all transformed embryonic stem cells that show homologous recombination and inject them into a embryonic stem cells of an agouti mouse.

a.) 3,5,4,1,2

b.) 1,5,3,4,2

c.) 3,5,1,4,2

d.) 5,3,2,4,2

If dog 1 has is black with alleles (A_B_) , and dog 2 is brown with (aaB_), and dog 3 is yellow with (_ _bb) alleles, what kind of epistasis is this and what color would dog 4 be if he was (AAbb).

1. Recessive epistasis, Yellow

2. Recessive epistasis, Black

3. Dominant epistasis, Yellow

4. Dominant epistasis, Black

A gene interaction in which pair of recessive genes at one locus prevents expression of dominant allele at another locus called

a. incomplete dominance

b. epistatis

c. complete dominance

d. polygenic inheritance

If an organismâs diploid chromosome number is 18, how many different possible combinations of homologous chromosomes lining up during meiosis exist for the eggs or sperm produced by that organism?

	A.	512
	B.	9
	C.	18
	D.	128
	E.	36

At the end of metaphase I, _______________ separate.

	A.	sister chromatids
	B.	germ cells
	C.	homologous chromosomes
	D.	haploid chromatids
	E.	centrioles

Mendel observed that dominant traits

	A.	are seen in all of the F1 hybrid pea plants in his experiments.
	B.	are expressed in all plants.
	C.	were absent in the F1 generation of pea plants that he used in his experiments.
	D.	were the only traits seen in the F2 generation of pea plants in his experiments.
	E.	are only expressed in hybrids.

Cytokinesis in plant cells differs from cytokinesis in animal cells because

	A.	there is no difference.
	B.	in plant cells, the cell plate must also divide into two parts.
	C.	the contractile protein, actin, is important only in plant cells.
	D.	plant cells have a rigid cell wall.
	E.	a contractile ring forms only in plant cells.

Sickle cell anemia is an example of what type of inheritance?

	A.	complete dominance
	B.	incomplete dominance
	C.	codominance
	D.	multiple alleles
	E.	recessive dominance

Which of the following statements is true:

	A.	The dominant allele is masked in homozygous dominant individuals.
	B.	With recessive genetic disorders, if both parents are carriers, the offspring will all be affected.
	C.	In carriers, the recessive allele causes an intermediate phenotype.
	D.	In recessive genetic disorders, the mother and/or father of an affected individual must also be affected.
	E.	With dominant genetic disorders, the mother and/or father of an affected individual must also be affected.

Skin cancers typically develop in the

	A.	upper layers of the epidermis.
	B.	lower layers of the dermis.
	C.	subcutaneous layer.
	D.	lower layers of the epidermis.
	E.	upper layers of the dermis.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (MD) is inherited from an X-linked recessive allele. What is the probability that a son with Duchenne MD inherited this disease from his biological father?

	A.	1/2
	B.	0
	C.	1/16
	D.	1/4
	E.	1/8

The genetic makeup of a particular trait in an individual is its

	A.	genotype.
	B.	heterozygosity.
	C.	phenotype.
	D.	filial.
	E.	dominance.

What structure holds the sister chromatids to the spindle fibers?

	A.	chromatin
	B.	kinetochore
	C.	MPF
	D.	centromere
	E.	cyclin

If you view a cell in which the genetic material is beginning to be visible as separate bodies, and the nucleus has disappeared from view, you may surmise that the cells is in

	A.	telophase.
	B.	anaphase.
	C.	interphase.
	D.	metaphase.
	E.	prophase.

Gregor Mendel was successful in his analysis of the genetics of pea plants because

	A.	he examined and analyzed both the F1 and F2 generations.
	B.	he studied the parental plants to determine their differences.
	C.	he decided to only look at his results in an objective manner.
	D.	he studied a trait that had a strange inheritance pattern.
	E.	pea plants have genetics different from other organisms.

Tall corn plants (T) are dominant to dwarf plants (tt). Solid green leaves (G) are dominant to leaves with a white tip (gg). A cross between two corn plants yielded the following phenotypes: 51 tall plants with a white tip on their leaves; 43 dwarf plants with solid leaves; 48 dwarf plants with white tips on their leaves; 45 tall plants with solid leaves. What are the genotypes of the parents that produced these plants?

	A.	None of the above
	B.	TtGg x Ttgg
	C.	ttGG x TTgg
	D.	TtGg x TtGg
	E.	TtGg x ttgg

In humans, a gene that has been identified as causing a type of skin cancer is the

	A.	superwoman echidna.
	B.	mutant superman.
	C.	sonic hedgehog.
	D.	mutant mole rat.
	E.	superhero aardvark.

The segregation principle states that in sexually reproducing diploid organisms the two copies of each gene

	A.	segregate from each other during meiosis.
	B.	must always be the same allele.
	C.	separate from each other during mitosis.
	D.	will both wind up in either the sperm or egg.
	E.	move together as a unit during meiosis.

In what phases is the genetic material in the cell correctly referred to as chromatids?

	A.	metaphase and telophase
	B.	anaphase and metaphase
	C.	interphase and telophase
	D.	interphase and prophase
	E.	metaphase and prophase

Consider two traits for an organism, determined by two genes, each of which is governed by at least two alleles. In the case of a dihybrid individual, the gametes formed will be of either the parental type or the recombinant type. Recombinant type gametes are formed because of

	A.	the principle of dihybrids.
	B.	multiple alleles.
	C.	heterozygosity.
	D.	incomplete dominance.
	E.	independent assortment.

An allele is

	A.	an alternate form of a gene.
	B.	always recessive.
	C.	the main factor determining a trait.
	D.	always one of a pair.
	E.	the dominant form of a gene.

After the DNA is replicated, and it condenses in prophase, two identical rods of DNA are seen. These are

	A.	spindle fibers.
	B.	kinetochores.
	C.	chromatids.
	D.	chromatin.
	E.	centromeres.

Special cells found in the gonads that give rise to gametes upon division are called

	A.	egg cells.
	B.	somatic cells.
	C.	germ cells.
	D.	stem cells.
	E.	basal cells.