BIOL 401 Study Guide - Final Guide: Wild Type, Paracrine Signalling, Gap Gene

• School: Binghamton University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 401
• Professor: Steven P Tammariello

Document Summary

This notes set focuses on the development of fruit flies, though in many ways it can relate back to human development. It"s really important to know the different genes, what they code for, and various transcription factors associated with fly development. Flies undergo anterior (mouth) posterior (anus) formation, unlike humans, which are the opposite. Segmentation begins about 10 hours after fertilization, organogenesis after 12 hours, and full larvae development after 24 hours. Microtubules and microfilaments are utilized in development to move morphogens around the cells in order to trigger gene activation and differentiation. The polarity of microtubules is essential, as the anterior end is (-) and the posterior end is (+). Morphagens attach to an enzyme called kinesin, which will move anterior to posterior to deliver the signals to developing cells. Also note that kinesin is atp dependent, contains a globular head, alpha helix, binds to vesicles containing proteins/signals with a special chain.