BIOL 119 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Nuclear Membrane, Cell Membrane, Protist
Document Summary
Eukarya-third domain on tree of life; range of single-celled organisms to trees and whales. Characteristics: most are large, organelles, cytoskeleton, nuclear envelope, multicellular, asexual and sexual reproduction. Protists- include all eukaryotes except land plants, fungi, and animals: paraphyletic group, no synapomorphies. Single commonality: all protists tend to live in environments surrounded by water. Primary producers- produce chemical energy by photosynthesis. Aquatic food chains: plankton- diatoms and other small organisms that drift in open oceans or lakes, phytoplankton- photosynthetic plankton; organic compounds produced by phytoplankton- basis of food chains in aquatic envrionments. Global carbon cycle- movement of carbon atoms from carbon dioxide molecules in atmosphere to organisms in soil/oceans and then back to atmosphere. Co2 from atmosphere dissolves in water and is taken up by photosynthetic plankton, converted to organic matter, after they die may be consumed by decomposers or: sedimentary rocks at bottom of ocean, petroleum. Fertilizing ocean with iron may speed up carbon cycle.
