PSYC 2 Study Guide - Final Guide: Extraversion And Introversion, Personality Disorder, Organism
22 Mar 2017
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Scientific thinking: distinguishing fact from fiction (pgs 21-26) Scientific skeptics are willing to change their minds when confronted with evidence that challenges their preconceptions but only after persuasive evidence. Critical thinking: a set of skills for evaluating claims in an open-minded and careful fashion. High external validity, low internal validity, low replicability. Using a laboratory experiment to back up a claim. Random assignment to experimental group or control group. The scientific method: toolbox of skills (pgs 48-65) Different ways to approach hypotheses (theories based in scientific understanding) Naturalistic approach- watching how people/animals behave in their natural environment and drawing conclusions based on findings. Examine how two variables are related from -1. 0 to +1. 0. Illusory correlation- perception of a statistical association where none exists: human tendency to see patterns where there are none. Allow us to study rare or unusual circumstances where limited examples exist. Help us generate hypotheses but have low internal and external validity.
