NUR 326 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Aspirin, Skeletal Muscle, Infusion Pump
20 Nov 2016
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Allergic rhinitis inflammation of nasal mucosa due to exposure to allergens causes release of histamine: some people have seasonal allergies or perennial allergies, therapeutic goal is to prevent occurrence & relieve symptoms (preventers & relievers) Less nasal congestion & tearing; ae: dry mouth, tachycardia, mild hypotension, possibly photosensitivity: ae: drowsiness (tolerance builds up), occasionally paradoxical. Cns stimulation & excitability (seen a lot in peds. : prototype: benadryl. Intranasal glucocorticoids drugs of choice in treating perennial allergies; must be given 2-3 wks. prior to allergen exposure: secretion of inflammatory mediators, reduce tissue edema, & cause mild vasoconstriction, prototype: fluticasone. Expectorants increase bronchial secretions to promote easier removal of mucus by coughing; most effective in treating dry, non- productive cough: reduce viscosity of bronchial secretions increased mucus flow. Antitussives act in medulla to inhibit cough reflex by raising cough threshold: may be opioid or non-opioid, prototype: dextromethorphan (robitussin dm) Sns activates b2-adrenergic receptors bronchial smooth muscle relaxation increased airway (bronchodilation)
