ECOL 182R- Final Exam Guide - Comprehensive Notes for the exam ( 81 pages long!)

• School: University of Arizona
• Department: Ecology & Evolutionary Biology
• Course: ECOL 182R
• Professor: Mangin

Document Summary

Plant cells, animal (blood) cells, animal (cancer) cells, fungal cells cells can also make a living on their own. Three essential processes define life: metabolism a. i. Homeostasis- the maintenance of relatively stable physical and chemical internal state: reproduction b. i. Evolution is not directed-not always toward greater complexity c. ii. 2. Buffon, an 18th century naturalist, noticed mammals that looked different had similar bone structure. c. iii. 1. Suggested the mammals had a common ancestor c. iv. Building on previous structure for a new purpose means that some features may not be necessary, or optimal. c. iv. 1. For example, pigs have vestigial toes that serve no purpose c. iv. 2. And humans, descendants of primates that moved on all fours, are not optimally designed for an upright existence. c. iv. 2. a. i. e. ) Flaws: spinal disks, knee joints, long limbs varicose veins. A very brief history of early life on earth: vast expanses of time a. i.