BCH 100 Study Guide - Final Guide: Triosephosphate Isomerase, Isomerase, Pyruvic Acid

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4 Dec 2016

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Lecture 10: glycolysis: terminology (explain/define; understand use of terms): (cid:862)i(cid:374)vest(cid:373)e(cid:374)t(cid:863) phase, (cid:862)pay-off(cid:863) phase, substrate-level phosphorylation. Generate 4 atp (net gain of 2 atp) Adding phosphate directly, without atp: state in which steps in glycolysis atp is invested and in which steps atp is produced. Atp is invested in the 1st and 3rd steps: Atp is produced in the 7th and 10th steps: The 3rd step is the first committed step to continue the glycolytic pathway. Pfk-1 is the enzyme that catalyzes the first committed step. 2 hormones help regulate: glucagon and insulin. Must shut down glycolysis, export glucose to blood to tissues. Glucagon decrease pfk-2 activity less f-2,6-bp decrease pfk-1 activity slow down glycolysis. Must increase glycolysis (or store glucose as glycogen), remove glucose from blood into tissues. Write the anaerobic reactions (substrates, products, names of enzyme) for lactate fermentation and for conversion of pyruvate to ethanol (2 reactions).

Related Questions

Which of the following is common to both aerobic and anaerobicmicrobes?

	Fermentation
	An electron transport chain
	Pyruvate oxidation
	Glycolysis
	All of the above

The primary purpose of catabolism is

	generation of ADP.
	generation of ATP.
	oxidation of NADH to NAD⁺.
	degradation of organic molecules.
	biosynthesis.

What is a fate of pyruvate during alcoholic fermentation byyeast?

	It is reduced to lactic acid.
	It is oxidized to form glucose and carbon dioxide
	It is cleaved to form acetylaldehyde and carbon dioxide.
	It is catabolized in glycolysis.
	It is oxidized to form lactic acid and carbon dioxide.

Electrons needed to reduce an oxidized electron acceptor areprovided by

	a) externally provided compounds such asH<sub>2</sub>, lactate or formate.
	b) an intermediate electron carrier such as NADH.
	c) 0<sub>2</sub>.
	d) Both a and b
	e) All of the above

How are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respirationsimilar?

	Both use oxygen as a terminal electron carrier.
	These are other names for glycolysis.
	Both utilize inorganic molecules as terminal electronacceptors.
	Neither receives electrons from glycolysis.
	Anaerobic respiration does not exist in microbes.

The conversion of phosphoenolpyruvic acid (PEP) topyruvate

	a) releases CO<sub>2</sub>.
	b) involves the conversion of ADP and ATP.
	c) involves substrate-level phosphorylation.
	d) Both a and b
	e) Both b and c

Which of the following is the best definition offermentation?

	The reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid
	The complete catabolism of glucose to CO₂ andH₂O
	The oxidation of a carbohydrate with organic molecules servingas electron donors and acceptors
	The production of ATP from glucose
	The production of ethanol from glucose

A reaction that yields energy has a

	positive ?G_o?.
	negative ?G_o?.
	positive ?E_o?.
	negative ?E_o?.
	negative ?H_o?.

Oxidation and reduction reactions are always coupledbecause

	a) electrons generally accompany protons.
	b) protons generally accompany protons.
	c) electrons cannot exist free in solution.
	d) Both a and b
	e) All of the above

10.

Which of the following is true of aerobic respiration?

	It involves the reduction of oxygen.
	It involves the oxidation of oxygen.
	It involves the reduction of lactic acid.
	It involves the oxidation of lactic acid.
	It does not generate ATP.

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BCH 100 Study Guide - Final Guide: Triosephosphate Isomerase, Isomerase, Pyruvic Acid

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