BIO 337 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Stone Tool, Shoulder Joint, Amniote
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The Cambrian explosion is a prime example of ________________.
| mass extinction | ||
| evolutionary stasis | ||
| a large meteor impact | ||
| adaptive radiation |
1 points
QUESTION 2
Most animals are viviparous.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 3
The first phylum with ganglia in their nervous system are the ________________________.
| Mollusca | ||
| Nematoda | ||
| Bivalvia | ||
| Platyhelminthes |
1 points
QUESTION 4
The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a _____________________.
| a unicellular worm | ||
| multicellular algae | ||
| flagellated protist | ||
| multicellular fungus |
1 points
QUESTION 5
You are given an unknown organism to identify. It is unicellular and heterotrophic. It is motile by use of many short extensions of the cytoplasm. It has well-developed organelles and two nuclei, one large, one small. The organism is most likely to be a ______________.
| foraminifera | ||
| radiolarian | ||
| ciliate | ||
| flagellate |
1 points
QUESTION 6
Which of the following organisms would you expect to have the largest surface-area-to-volume ratio? Assume that all of the following are the same total length.
| A mollusc | ||
| A nematode | ||
| A platyhelminth | ||
| Not enough information to determine. |
1 points
QUESTION 7
If the animal is a hermaphrodite, it is said to be _______________.
| dioecious | ||
| eutelic | ||
| monoecious | ||
| trioecious |
1 points
QUESTION 8
A terrestrial animal species is discovered with the following larval characteristics: exoskeleton, system of tubes for gas exchange and segmentation. A knowledgeable zoologist should predict that the adults of this species would also feature ____________.
| eight legs | ||
| two pairs of antennae | ||
| a sessile lifecycle | ||
| an open circulatory system |
1 points
QUESTION 9
The Phylum Echinodermata exhibits metamerism.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 10
The existence of evolutionary trends, such as increasing body sizes among horse species, is evidence that _____.
| a larger volume-to-surface area ratio is adaptive in many mammals | ||
| evolution generally progresses toward some goal | ||
| evolution tends toward increased complexity or increased size | ||
| in particular environments, similar adaptations can be beneficial to more than one species |
1 points
QUESTION 11
Suppose you are a researcher fro a pest-control company and you develop a chemical that inhibits the develpment of an embryonic mosquito's endodermal cells. Which of the following would cause the pesticide to work?
| The mosquito would develop a weak exoskeleton, making it easy prey. | ||
| The mosquito's gut would not function properly and it would starve. | ||
| The mosquito would not have a properly functioning muscular system. | ||
| Nothing would happen and your experiment would be a failure. |
1 points
QUESTION 12
Holometabolis refers to complete metamorphosis.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 13
Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural selection?
Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are heritable.
Condition 2: Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success.
Condition 3: Individuals pass on most traits that they acquire during their lifetime.
| Condition 1 only | ||
| Condition 2 only | ||
| Conditions 1 and 2 | ||
| Conditions 2 and 3 |
1 points
QUESTION 14
Scientific theories _____. 22.3
| are nearly the same things as hypotheses | ||
| are supported by, and make sense of, many observations | ||
| cannot be tested because the described events occurred only once | ||
| are predictions of future events |
1 points
QUESTION 15
The evolution of animal species and their diversity is a result of the evolution of new and different ways to _______________.
| reproduce | ||
| arrange their cells into tissues | ||
| become symmetrical | ||
| form an embyro and establish a basic body plan |
An organism that is cephalized is probably ___________________.
| bilaterally symmetrical | ||
| is segmented | ||
| is diploblastic | ||
| has a coelom |
1 points
QUESTION 33
Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these males, you should _____.
| test whether other traits in these males are also adaptive | ||
| look for evidence of hair in ancestors of tamarins | ||
| determine if hair length is heritable | ||
| test whether males with shaved heads are still able to mate |
1 points
QUESTION 34
Which of these is not an animal?
| ctenophore | ||
| poiferan | ||
| choanoflagellate | ||
| cnidaria |
1 points
QUESTION 35
What would be the best anatomical feature to look for to distinguish a gastropod from a chiton?
| presence of muscular foot | ||
| presence of a radula | ||
| production of eggs | ||
| number of shell plates |
1 points
QUESTION 36
If radial cleavae occurs during development, the animal will be a protostome.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 37
The "heart" of arthopods is located ______________.
| ventrally | ||
| centrally | ||
| dorsally | ||
| sagitally |
1 points
QUESTION 38
Which structure do bivalves use for feeding?
| radula | ||
| ctenidia (gills) | ||
| beak | ||
| foot |
1 points
QUESTION 39
Claytonia virginica is a woodland spring herb with flowers that vary from white to pale pink to bright pink. Slugs prefer to eat pink-flowering over white-flowering plants (due to chemical differences between the two), and plants experiencing severe herbivory are more likely to die. The bees that pollinate this plant also prefer pink to white flowers, so that Claytonia
with pink flowers have greater relative fruit set than Claytonia with white flowers. A researcher observes that the percentage of different flower colors remains stable in the study population from year to year. Given no other information, if the researcher removes all slugs from the study population, what do you expect to happen to the distribution of flower colors in the population over time? 22.2
| The percentage of pink flowers should increase over time. | ||
| The percentage of white flowers should increase over time. | ||
| The distribution of flower colors should not change. | ||
| The distribution of flower colors should randomly fluctuate over time. |
1 points
QUESTION 40
The water vascular system of echinoderms _____________.
| functions as a circulatory system that distributes nutrients to body cells | ||
| function in locomotion and feeding | ||
| is bilateral in organization, even though the adult animal is not blaterally symmetrical | ||
| is analogous to the gastrovascular cavity of flatworms |
1 points
QUESTION 41
In Phylum Mollusca, the fluid of the open circulatory system is called hemolymph.
True
False
1 points
QUESTION 42
You find what you believe is a new species of animal. Which of the following characteristics would enable you to argue that it is more closely related to a flatworm than it is to a roundworm?
| It is a suspension feeder. | ||
| It has no coelom. | ||
| It is shaped like a worm. | ||
| It has a mouth and an anus. |
1 points
QUESTION 43
You observe that a mystery organism in a pond never comes up to the pond's surface. If you are able to catch one of these organisms, bring it to the lab and dissect it, you should find ______________.
| gills | ||
| spiracle | ||
| trachea | ||
| book lungs |
1 points