PHIS 206 Study Guide - Quiz Guide: Thyroid, Luteinizing Hormone, Diabetes Insipidus
2 May 2018
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Post. Pit. Hormones:
• Vasopressin (ADH) - Release when body too salty (hyperosmotic) sensor in
hypothalamus
-conserves water ( reabsorption), blood pressure (vasoconstriction) goes to nephrons in
kidneys + arterioles in body
-hypersecrete: SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH)
-hyposecrete: diabetes insipidus
• Oxytocin - release by suckling breast, pressure on uterine cervix, bonding behaviors
(‘cuddling hormone’), orgasm (pos feedback),
-cause milk letdown from lactating breast, uterine contraction pitocin (synthetic oxytocin to
induce labor)
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Ant. Pit. Hormones:
• Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH or thyrotropin) - tropic
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH or corticotropin) - tropic
• Growth hormone (GH) - trophic stimulates hypertrophy and hyperplasia
- GH in adulthood = acromegaly
• Luteinizing hormone (LH) - tropic + trophic*
• Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - tropic + trophic*
• Prolactin (PRL) - trophic - release during pregnancy, sexual activity, ovulation, a fed
state, many other
-leads to breast development, milk production, suppress sex hormone levels, many more
-Hypersecretion: can’t lactate; hypersecrete: too much milk, less libido, infertility, abnormal male
breast development
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Thyroid hormone (thyroid gland) - -T3+T4 (90%T4,10%T3; T3=4X power as T4)
-metabolic rate + heat prod.
-HR, contractile force, cardiac output
-need for proper function + secretion of GH and IGF-I
-not essential, improves quality of life
• Hypothyroidism (most commonly caused by iodine deficiency) - cold intolerance, fatigue,
constipation, weight gain, depression
• Hyperthyroidism (excess TSH or similar/overstimulation of thyroid gland) - heat
intolerance, nervousness, diarrhea, weight loss, anxiety
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Calcium Regulation Hormones
• Parathyroid Hormone (release triggered by low blood Ca+)
blood Ca+
bone resorption (breakdown) by osteoclast activity; Ca+ reabsorption by kidney; Ca+
absorption in intestine (through Vita.D activation)
• Calcitonin (parafollicular cells of thyroid; release b/c blood calcium)
blood Ca+
inhibit osteoclast activity, inhibit Ca+ reabsorption (antagonistic to PTH actions)
• ↑itamin D (skin, liver, kidney form proper vit.D)
-facilitate Ca+ absorption from diet
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Adrenal Hormones
• Cortex
-z. Glomerulosa: mineralocorticoid
aldosterone (sodium retention, potassium excretion; controlled by RAA system in resp. to
BP; hyper-Na levels, K levels, BP; hypo-BP hormone essential for life)
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Document Summary
Hormones: vasopressin (adh) - release when body too salty (hyperosmotic) (cid:314) sensor in hypothalamus. Conserves water ((cid:313) reabsorption), (cid:313) blood pressure (vasoconstriction) (cid:314) goes to nephrons in kidneys + arterioles in body. Hyposecrete: diabetes insipidus: oxytocin - release by suckling breast, pressure on uterine cervix, bonding behaviors ( cuddling hormone"), orgasm (pos feedback), Cause milk letdown from lactating breast, uterine contraction (cid:314) pitocin (synthetic oxytocin to induce labor) Hormones: thyroid stimulating hormone (tsh or thyrotropin) - tropic, adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth or corticotropin) - tropic, growth hormone (gh) - trophic (cid:314) stimulates hypertrophy and hyperplasia. (cid:313) gh in adulthood = acromegaly: luteinizing hormone (lh) - tropic + trophic, follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) - tropic + trophic, prolactin (prl) - trophic - release during pregnancy, sexual activity, ovulation, a fed state, many other. Leads to breast development, milk production, suppress sex hormone levels, many more. Hypersecretion: can"t lactate; hypersecrete: too much milk, less libido, infertility, abnormal male breast development.
