ATS2624 Chapter Notes - Chapter Prescribed: United Nations General Assembly, United Nations Secretariat, Global Governance
25 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Global Governance – Readings – Week 12 – Climate Change
1945s lesson
- wars are no longer the only threats to international order
- climate change, migration, pandemics and terrorism - 197
- what remains unchanged is that the policy authority and resources necessary
for taking such problems remain vested in individual states rather than
collectively in intergovernmental organisations - 197
- current inadequate structures for international problem solving and decision
making - 197
- pragmatic multilateralism in historical perspective
• the establishment of the UN system was not peripheral but rather central
to policy and decision making
• the wartime thinking of the 1940s included earlier international efforts to
pursue economic and social development, refugees, pursue minority and
human rights - 200
• efforts to salvage components from the wreckage of the league of nations
- 200
- good enough global governance is inadequate
• global governance is not the continuation of traditional power politics
• nor the expression of an evolutionary process based on multilateral
commitments that could result in intergovernmental structures capable
of addressing current or future global threats - 201 - 202
- without more robust IGOs - states and their citizens will not react the benefits
of trade and globalisation, discover nonviolent ways to meet security challenges
or address environmental degradation - 203
- requirements for strengthened NGOs - 203
the unruled world
- despite the obama administration’s ambition to integrate rising powers as full
partners - there has been no movement to reform the composition of the security
council to reflect new geopolitical realities - 58
- demand for international cooperation is greater than ever - thanks to
deepening economic interdependence, worsening environmental degradation,
proliferating transnational threats and accelerating technological change - 58
- global governance refers to a collective effort by sovereign states, international
organisations and other nonstante actors to address common challenges and
seize opportunities that transcend national frontiers. - 58
- effective multilateral responses are increasingly occurring outside formal
institutions - as frustrated actors tend to turn to more convenient ad hoc venues
- 58
- global governance - hierarchical - special powers vested in the permanent
members of the Un security council - 59
- international politics remain anarchic - with the system composed of
independent sovereign units that recognise no higher authority - 59
- cooperation is still possible - national govs work together to establish common
standards of behaviour for trade or security, embedding norms and rules in
international institutions - 59
- however most cooperative multilateral bodies - even those binding under
international law - lack rea; power to enforce compliance with collective
decisions - 59
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- governance is an ungainly patchwork of formal and informal institutions - 59
- the centrepiece of contemporary global governance remains the UN - 59
- global governance refers to the collective effort by sovereign states,
international organisations and other nonstante actors to address common
challenges and size opportunities that transcend national frontiers - 59
- kost cooperative multilateral bodies - even those binding under international
law - lack real power to enforce compliance with collective decisions - 59
- states are still the dominant actors - but nonstante actors increasingly help
shape the global agenda - define new rules and monitor compliance with
international obligations - 59
- no single multilateral body could handle all the worlds complex transnational
problems - 59
- UN - regularly disappoints - P5 often disagree and because their veto power
allows the disagreements to block action
- dysfunction of the UN extends well beyond the security council - UN secretariat
and many UN agencies remain opaque and their budgeting and operations are
hamstrung by outdated personnel policies that encourage cronyism - 59
- UN general assembly - resolutions reflect encrusted regional and ideological
blocs - 60
- emergence of multiple power centres with regional and potentially global
aspirations - US decline - europe and japan stagnate - China, india, brazil, turkey,
russia and indonesia are increasing their regional influence and insisting on a
greater voice within multilateral institutions - 60
- despite these geological shifts - no coherent alternative to today’s western
order has emerged - 60
- true even amongst BRICS - lack common vision - 60
- BRICS resist western intervention - recognise the global economy being in
favour of the west - 60
- g zero world
• collective global leadership is almost impossible due to the global
diffusion of power among countries with widely divergent interests - 60
• diversity in multilateralism - 60
• governments have taken to operating in many venues simultaneously -
participating in an array of issue-specific networks and partnerships
whose membership varies based on situational interests, shared values
and relevant capabilities - 60
• allows western connections to strengthen - e.g. G8 - like mind ended
facilities policy coordination on matters such as human rights,
humanitarian intervention, regional stability and rogue states - between
US and west - 60
• G20 has struggled to evolve from a short term crisis manager to a longer
term steering group for the global economy
•
o diverse values, political systems and levels of development - 61
• faced with complex issues - transnational networks of government
officials now seek incremental progress by disaggregating those issues
into manageable chunks and agreeing to coordinate action of specific
agenda items - 61
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
