BIOL 1F90 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3.3-3.5: Chemical Formula, Electronegativity, Vitalism
23 Nov 2016
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3. 1 the carbon atom and the study of organic molecules. Organic chemistry study of carbon-containing molecules. Vitalism belief that organic molecules were created by (and imparted with) a vital force (cid:272)o(cid:374)tai(cid:374)ed withi(cid:374) a pla(cid:374)t or a(cid:374)i(cid:373)al"s body. Sy(cid:374)thesis of orga(cid:374)i(cid:272) (cid:373)ole(cid:272)ules is due to (cid:373)ystery of life, (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t do so s(cid:272)ie(cid:374)tifi(cid:272)ally. Friedrich wohler synthesized urea without use of kidneys from a man or a dog discovered that ammonia and cyanic acid reacted to form third compound. When heated, it resembled crystals, which were in fact urea. Carbon forms four covalent bonds with other atoms. Occurs because carbon has four valence electrons in outer shell. Needs four more to have full outer shell. Most commonly forms bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur atoms. Between carbon, oxygen or nitrogen can be single or double. Can occur in configurations that are linear, ring-like or highly branched. Carbon and hydrogen bonds as a majority creates hydrocarbons.
