LING 3P94 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Preposition And Postposition, Cooperative Principle, Performative Utterance
15 Jan 2016
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Ling 3p94 seminar reading: the primary modal auxiliaries. Condescension: makes the can in you can go now into a command even though by itself it means no more than permission . Primary modal auxiliaries: may, can, must, have (got) to, will, shall. Frequent: must should, may, might, have (got) to. Can mean possibility ex. even experts can make mistakes. *possibility is only used with inanimate objects like lighting can kill so idk how the above makes sense. May (usually refers to future event when it combines with an event verb) Can mean obligation or requirement (speakers authority) ex. There must be a mistake (inference is derived from reasoning rather than experience) You have (got) to be back at 10 (expresses obligation/requirement generally without specifying the person exercising the power) There has (got) to be a reason for this. Some of the kids can stay out after 11. = not all of the kids have to be in by.
