PSYC 305 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Inductive Reasoning, Michel De Montaigne, A Priori And A Posteriori
4 Mar 2017
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Rationalism (2) theory of active mind basis of knowledge. Self evident nature of proposition = grasped on an a priori basis which can form the. Emphasize certain innate capacities + preferences capacity to see in depth. Empiricism senses bring information to mind, knowledge on external world = built. Rationalists wouldn"t disagree but would argue mind is more than passive receptor. Contiguity, similarity, contrast + reinforcement through associations based on external influences. Theory of an active mind = tied to emphasis on a priori truths of sensory information (3) deductions vs induction. Saying rationalism relies exclusively on reason + empiricism relies exclusively on experience = false. Rationalism stresses deduction, empiricism stresses induction. Deductive argument: premises are claimed to provide grounds for conclusion. If deductive argument is true, impossible for the premise to be true while the conclusion is false. Inductive argument: show that the conclusion is more likely than not, given the premise.
