PSYO 3280 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Nomothetic, Phenotype, Emic And Etic
14 Jan 2016
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Type approach: categorizing someone as either a pessimist or on optimist or as an extrovert or introvert. Trait approach: categorizing someone as somewhat optimistic or as being a little bit extroverted or a lot extroverted. Personality types: discrete categories that differ qualitatively in kind rather than in degree: can involve a constellation of personality characteristics that are present in an all-or none fashion. Sheldon posited a link between body types and personality temperaments: this work built on observations made by hippocrates and galen about the link between temperament and the balance of four bodily humours. Sheldon focused on somatotypes of body types. A type theory that studies three main body types and associated personality characteristics: ectomorphic. Hypothesized to be high in cerebrotonia, which involves being soically restrained and high in the need for privacy. Hypothesized to be high in somatotonia, which included an emphasis on physical assertion and high activity level: mesomorphic, endomorphic.
