BIOL-2011EL Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Molecular Genetics, Ecori, Restriction Digest
25 Jun 2018
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Essentials of Genetics, 8e (Klug)
Chapter 17 Recombinant DNA Technology
1) Words such as did, mom, and pop have something in common with the fundamental tool of
recombinant DNA technology. In the context of recombinant DNA technology, which term
would be used to describe such words?
A) lysogenic
B) prototrophic
C) palindromic
D) conjugation
E) insertion
Answer: C
Section: 17.1
2) Restriction endonucleases are especially useful if they generate "sticky" ends. What makes an
end sticky?
A) single-stranded complementary tails
B) blunt ends
C) poly-A sequences
D) 5' cap
E) interference
Answer: A
Section: 17.1
3) List two especially useful characteristics of cloning vectors.
A) high copy number and antibiotic resistance gene(s)
B) virulence and lysogenicity
C) ability to integrate into the host chromosome and then causing a lytic cycle
D) nonautonomous replication and transposition
E) reverse transcriptase and ligase activities
Answer: A
Section: 17.1
4) Vectors such as pUC18 and others of the pUC series contain a large number of restriction
enzyme sites clustered in one region. Which term describes this advantageous arrangement of
restriction sites?
A) palindrome
B) consensus sequence
C) multiple cloning site
D) β-galactosidase
E) complementation
Answer: C
Section: 17.1
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5) One of the primary reasons for generating a large number of clones in a eukaryotic genomic
library is that ________.
A) each cosmid replicates in coordination with the host chromosome
B) lysogenic phages continue to integrate their DNA into the host chromosome, thus reducing
the number of desired recombinant clones
C) each vector can take up only a relatively small fraction of the eukaryotic DNA
D) each ligation product is sequence specific
E) the host range of the vector is limited
Answer: C
Section: 17.1
6) Assume that a plasmid (circular) is 3200 base pairs in length and has restriction sites at the
following locations: 400, 700, 1400, 2600. Give the expected sizes of the restriction fragments
following complete digestion.
A) 400, 800, 1000 (2 of these)
B) 400, 1200, 1600
C) 300, 700, 2200
D) 700, 400, 1400, 2600
E) 300, 700, 1000, 1200
Answer: E
Section: 17.1
7) In the context of molecular genetics, reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) refers to ________.
A) assembling a DNA sequence from an mRNA
B) assembling an RNA sequence from a DNA sequence
C) translating in the 3' to 5' direction
D) transcribing first, then translating
E) making an amino acid sequence from a DNA sequence
Answer: A
Section: 17.3
8) The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) protocol that is currently used in laboratories was
facilitated by the discovery of a bacterium called Thermus aquaticus in a hot spring inside
Yellowstone National Park, in Wyoming. This organism contains a heat-stable form of DNA
polymerase known as Taq polymerase, which continues to function even after it has been heated
to 95°C. Why would such a heat-stable polymerase be beneficial in PCR?
A) Each cycle includes a "hot" saturation phase (95°C), which allows the primers to anneal to the
target DNA.
B) Each cycle includes a "hot" denaturation phase (95°C), which serves to sterilize the culture.
C) Each cycle includes a "hot" denaturation phase (95°C), which activates the Taq polymerase.
D) Each cycle includes a "hot" denaturation phase (95°C), which separates the hydrogen
bonds that hold the strands of the template DNA together.
E) More than one of the above are correct.
Answer: D
Section: 17.3
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9) Nucleic acid blotting is widely used in recombinant DNA technology. In a Southern blot, one
generally ________.
A) hybridizes filter-bound DNA with a DNA probe
B) hybridizes filter-bound RNA with a DNA probe
C) examines amino acid substitutions with radioactive probes
D) cleaves RNA with restriction endonucleases
E) ligates DNA with DNA ligase
Answer: A
Section: 17.4
10) In which of the following biochemical reactions is it common to use ddNTPs
(dideoxyribonucleoside triphosphates)?
A) citric acid cycle
B) DNA sequencing
C) restriction digestion
D) electron transport
E) plasmolysis
Answer: B
Section: 17.5
11) A ddNTP, used often in DNA sequencing, lacks a(n) ________ at the ________ and
________ carbons.
A) OH; 2'; 3'
B) methyl; 2'; 3'
C) carboxyl; 5'; 3'
D) OH; 2'; 5'
E) None of the listed answers is correct.
Answer: A
Section: 17.5
12) What is recombinant DNA technology? What are the safety issues related to recombinant
DNA technology?
Answer: Recombinant DNA technology refers to the creation of new combinations of DNA
molecules that are not normally found in nature. Safety issues generally center on the
creation and release (accidental or intentional) of genetically engineered organisms that are
a threat to human health or to animals and plants in the environment. Many organisms
that are "genetically engineered" carry genes for antibiotic resistance.
Section: 17.1
13) In the context of recombinant DNA technology, what is meant by the term vector?
Answer: A vector is a vehicle to carry recombinant DNA molecules into the host cells
where independent replication can occur. Most common vectors are plasmids,
bacteriophages, and cosmids.
Section: 17.1
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