BIOCHEM 2EE3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Francis Crick, Stanley Miller, Polymer
2 Feb 2016
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Document Summary
Glycolysis: the fundamental process for the breakdown of sugars, which in yeast and other microorganisms converts the sugars to ethanol. In vitro- in a test tube or outside a living organism. In vivo- inside living organisms or cells. Enzymes: biological catalysts that promote each biochemical reaction hereditary information. Genes: control the synthesis of enzymes involved, a unit of: mendel, mid-nineteenth century, found in chromosomes, which are composed of proteins and nucleic acids. Dna: primary bearer of genetic information: discovered from experiments in the 1940s and 1950s, 1953: james watson and francis crick described the double-helical structure of dna. 1960s: functions of rna in gene expression, and the genetic code had been deciphered. 1970s: first recombinant dna molecules were produced in the laboratory. 1990s: scientists had learned how to introduce new genes into the germ line of plants and animals, and how to disrupt or delete any gene: allowed the analysis of the biochemical function of any gene product.
