PNB 2XA3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Phrase Structure Rules, Function Word, Speech Segmentation
10 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Sentences are composed of words and words are composed of morphemes. Morphemes: the smallest unit that carries meaning. Phonemes: defined as the smallest unit of sound that can serve to distinguish words in language. Can be described by place, manner of articulation; voicing. Voicing : the vocal folds are rapidly opened an dclosed, producing a buzzing sort of vibration. [z] [s] no vibration, you place the tip your tongue at the roof of your mouth just behind your teeth creating a narrow gap. [sh]- the narrow gap is further back in the mouth. [f]- the narrow gap is at the front. Manner of production: we can distinguish sounds according to how airflow is restricted. [p] [b]and [t]- the airflow is fully stopped. [f] [z] [r]- the air passage is restricted, but air continues to flow. Place of articulation: sounds can be categorized according to where the airflow is restricted.
