PSYCH 1X03 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Phoneme, Language Production, Animal Communication

14 views12 pages
Unit%1:%Introduction%to%Language
!"#$%"$&'()'*&$%+"*,'$-.&*#&/'01'*%+&)'"#/'$*"22"*'
3&#4&#5&'5"#'0&'*&-*$"#(6&/'"#/')4(++'7".&'47&')"2&'2&"#(#$'0&5"%)&'-8'"')1)4&2'-8'*%+&)'/&4"(+)'7-9'2%57'&"57'9-*/'
8(4)'"*-%#/'(4'
!
!"#$%"$&'()'"*0(4*"*1,'):&5(8(5')-%#/'()'"))($#&/'4-'*&:*&)&#4'"'5-#5&:4'
;$<'=7&*&'()'#-47(#$'"0-%4'47&')-%#/'-8'47&'9-*/'5"4'4-'*&8&*'(4'4-'"'8%**1'"#(2"+'9(47'97()>&*)'"#/'"'4"(+'
?8')-%#/)'9&'%)&'7"/'4-'*&+"4&@/&)5*(0&'47&'-0A&54'(#')-2&'9"1B'(4'9-%+/#C4'2">&')&#)&'4-'5"++'"'5"4'"'5"4'(#';#$+()7B'
$-1"#$&&'"#/'D-*&"#
!
!"#$%"$&'()':*-/%54(.&,'+(2(4+&))'9"1)'4-'5-20(#&'9-*/)'4-'/&)5*(0&'-0A&54)B')(4%"4(-#)'"#/'"54(-#)'
;$<'E0)&*.(#$'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:2&#4'(#'1-%#$&)4'+&"*#&*)
?#8"#4)'7".&'"#'(2:*&))(.&':*-:&#)(41'8-*'+&"*#(#$'+"#$%"$&'"#/'"54(.&+1'&F:&*(2&#4'9(47'#-.&+'9-*/'"#/')-%#/'
5-20(#"4(-#)'47"4'7".&'#&.&*'0&&#'&F:+(5(4+1'4"%$74.
!
!
G)&'+"#$%"$&'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'4-'-47&*)'"#/'8-*2'1-%*'47-%$74)
H7(+&'47(#>(#$'4-'1-%*)&+8'1-%'*%#'47*-%$7'"':*(."4&'/("+-$%&'(#'1-%*'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'
=7-%$74'"#/'+"#$%"$&'"*&#C4'47&')"2&B')-2&'47-%$74'4">&'47&')"2&'8-*2'-8'+"#$%"$&'
!
H7-*8I 3":(*'J1:-47&)(),'!"#$%"$&'2"1'(#8+%&#5&'7-9'9&':&*5&(.&'"#/'&F:&*(&#5&'47&'9-*+/'
K*"6(+'4*(0&'&F:&*(2&#4':*--8
H1-2(#$'?#/("#)'&F:&*(2&#4'5-%#4&*)'47&'71:-47&)()'
L%*1')4(++'-%4'
!
Unit%2:%The%structure%of%Language%
M-*:7&2&,')2"++&)4'%#(4'-8')-%#/'47"4'5-#4"(#)'(#8-*2"4(-#
E84&#'"'9-*/B'0%4')-2&'9-*/)'5-#4"(#'2%+4(:+&'2-*:7&2&)
="0+&'I 5-#4"(#)'N'2-*:7&2&
!
="0+&'5+-47'I 5-#4"(#)'O'2-*:7&2&)
!
P"#')4"#/'"+-#&'")'"#'(#/(.(/%"+'9-*/'
="0+&'.)'5+-47
!
3-2&'2-*:7&2&)'2%)4'0&'"//&/'4-'"#-47&*'2-*:7&2&'4-'2">&')&#)&
="0+&Q)RB'4"0+&')"1)'4"0+&B')')"1)':+%*"+
!
!
S7-#&2&,'0*&">(#$'/-9#'"'2-*:7&2&'(#4-'(4)'5-#)4(4%&#4')-%#/
T-$'I/@-@$
P"#'8-++-9'*%+&)'-8':7-#&2&'5-20(#"4(-#)'4-'2">&'%:'"':+"%)(0+&'9-*/'47"4'7")'#-'2&"#(#$'
!
31#4"F@$*"22"*,'U%+&)'47"4'$-.&*#'7-9'9-*/)'"*&'$*-%:&/'4-$&47&*'4-'8-*2'"')&#4&#5&'
T(88&*&#5&)'(#')1#4"54(5'*%+&)'"2-#$'+"#$%"$&)'"*&'")'."*(&/'")'47&'5%+4%*&'47&1'-*($(#"4&'8*-2
3-2&'+"#$%"$&)'"))($#'$&#/&*'4-'-0A&54)'QV*&#57R'
H7&#'%)(#$':*&:-)(4(-#)'Q"B'47&RB'2%)4'4">&'(#4-'"55-%#4'97"4'$&#/&*'(4'()'*&:*&)&#4(#$
!
3-2&'+"#$%"$&)'/-#W4'"))($#'$*"22"4(5"+'$&#/&*'4-'"++'#-%#)B'-#+1'97&*&'(4'5-**&):-#/)'4-'0(-+-$(5"+'$&#/&*'Q;#$+()7R
J&B')7&'8-*':&-:+&'0%4'#-4'4"0+&'
!
X)'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'):&">&*B'1-%C*&'"#'&F:&*4'(#')1#4"F'9(47-%4'7".(#$'4-':%4'2%57'47-%$74'(#4-'(4
/&):(4&'47()':*-5&))(#$'8+%&#51B'(4)'/(88(5%+4'4-'/&)5*(0&'47&')1#4"54(5'*%+&)'-8'1-%*'-9#'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&B'5-2&)'
#"4%*"++1'4-'1-%'
!
!
3&2"#4(5),'2&"#(#$'-8'&"57'(#/(.(/%"+'9-*/
3&#4&#5&'2"1'7".&':&*8&54')1#4"54(5"+')4*%54%*&'0%4'#-')&2"#4(5'2&"#(#$'"4'"++
;$<'=7&'5-+-%*+&))'$*&&#'(/&")')+&&:'8%*(-%)+1'0&)(/&'47&'>9(A(0-
Y(-+"4&)'#-';#$+()7')1#4"54(5"+')4*%54%*&'0%4'7")'#-'2&"#(#$'Q#-')&2"#4(5)R'Z
!
!
Unit%3:%Development%and%the%Segmentation%Problem
J%2"#'(#8"#4)'-#+1'5-22%#(5"4&'#&&/)'01'5*1(#$
P"#'-#+1'5-22%#(5"4&'97&#'47&1'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&
!
!"#$%"$&':*-/%54(-#'(#5*&")&)')1)4&2"4(5"++1'47*-%$7'(#8"#51'"#/'57(+/7--/'
;.&#'1-%#$'(#8"#4)')7-9'+"#$%"$&')>(++)'01'*&):-#/(#$'4-':*&)&#5&'-8'"#-47&*'"#/')2(+(#$')-5("++1'
M(+&)4-#&),'
!
V-++-9&/'01'K"00+(#$,'(#8"#4'2">&)'*"#$&'-8'/*"9#'-%4')-%#/)'47"4'5-20(#&'5-#)-#"#4)'"#/'.-9&+)'
?#5+%/&'*71472'"#/'(#8+&54(-#
M"1')-%#/'")'47&1'"*&'")>(#$'"'[%&)4(-#'-*'(#.-+.&/'(#'"'5-#.&*)"4(-#
!
!
!"#$%"$&';F:+-)(-#,
K&49&&#'N'"#/'\'1&"*)
Y-5"0%+"*1'(#5*&")&)'*":(/+1'"#/'0&$(#'4-'+&"*#'"'+-4'-8'#&9'9-*/)'
!
X)'/&.&+-:2&#4':*-$*&))&)B'47&1'*&:&"4'5&*4"(#'5-20(#"4(-#)'-8')-%#/)':"*4(5%+"*'4-'47&'+"#$%"$&
8-*2)'47&'0")()'8-*'47&(*'8(*)4'9-*/
!
S&*5&:4(-#,':&*)-#'):&">(#$'"#'%#8"2(+("*'+"#$%"$&'-84&#')-%#/)'")'47-%$7'47&1'"*&'):&">(#$'.&*1'[%(5>+1
?++%)(-#'5"%)&/'01'47&'/(88(5%+41'1-%'7".&')&$2&#4(#$'47&'):&&57')4*&"2'(#4-'9-*/'%#(4)
T()-*(&#4(#$'&88&54'-8'*&"/(#$'"')&#4&#5&'9(47'#-'#"4%*"+'0*&">)'4-'$%(/&'1-%
!
;")(&*'4-')4*&"2'97&#'9-*/)'"*&'#"4%*"++1'):"5&/'":"*4
!
!
T-&)'(#8"#4)C':*-8(5(&#51'"4'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#B':*&/(54'+"4&*'+"#$%"$&'"0(+(41]
34%/1'01'^&92"#'"#/'5-++&"$%&)
U&)&"*57&*)'0&$"#'01'8"2(+("*(6(#$'(#8"#4)'*"#$(#$'8*-2'_<`INO'2-#47)'9(47'"'4"*$&4'9-*/'Q/-$R'
!
H7&#'(#8"#4)'9&*&'+"4&*'*&"/')4-*(&)B'P-%+/'47&'(#8"#4'/&4&54'47&'4"*$&4'9-*/'8*-2'47&'):&&57')4*&"2]
H7&#'47&1'4%*#&/'49-B'&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*1'57&5>+()4'9")'5-2:+&4&/'
=-4"+'#%20&*'-8'9-*/)'47"4'"*&':*-/%5&/'01'"'57(+/Z
!
;"*+1'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)')7-9&/')4*-#$':-)(4(.&'5-**&+"4(-#'9(47'&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*1
P7(+/*&#'97-'7"/'&"*+(&*'/&2-#)4*"4&/'$--/'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)'")'(#8"#4)B'#-9'7"/'+"*$&*'
&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*(&)
Z
P7(+/*&#'97-'7"/'&"*+(&*'/&2-#)4*"4&/':--*&*'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)'#-9'7"/')2"++&*'&F:*&))(.&'
.-5"0%+"*(&)'
Z
!
=7&-*&4(5"+'+&.&+,'8(#/(#$)'$(.&'$+(2:)&'-8'%#/&*)4"#/(#$'7-9'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:)'
P+(#(5"+'+&.&+,'8(#/(#$)'5-%+/'+&"/'4-'(#8"#4')5*&&#(#$'4&)4)'4-':*&/(54'+"4&*':*-0+&2)'(#'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:2&#4'"#/'/(*&54'
&"*+1'4*&"42&#4'(#4&*.&#4(-#)
!
Unit%4:%Universal%Phonetic%Sensitivity%
Y&*1'1-%#$'(#8"#4)'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'2-*&':7-#&2&)'47"#'"/%+4)'5"#
^-4'"++'+"#$%"$&'%)&':7-#&2&)
;$<'L":"#&)&@'D-*&"#)'/-#W4'%)&':7-#&2&)'Q+"@*"R'")'47&1'7".&'/(88(5%+41'7&"*(#$'47&'/(88&*&#5&'0&49&&#'47&'49-'
)-%#/)'0%4'L":"#&)&@D-*&"#'0"0(&)'"*&'5":"0+&'-8'/()5*(2(#"4(#$'47&)&')-%#/)
!
!
G#(.&*)"+'S7-#&2&'3&#)(4(.(41,'X0(+(41'-8'(#8"#4)'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'0&49&&#'"#1')-%#/)'47&1C*&'4&)4&/'-#
?#5+%/&)')-%#/)'8*-2'#-#I#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&)
!
S&*5&:4%"+'^"**-9(#$,'J"*/&*'4-'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&)'")'"#'"/%+4']]]
!
J&"/'4%*#':*-5&/%*&,'4&57#([%&'4-'(#/(*&54+1'2&")%*&'47&':&*5&:4(-#'-8':7-#&2&)'
=*"(#(#$,'(#8"#4'+&"*#)'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'O'/(88&*&#4':7-#&2&)'"#/'4%*#'7()'7&"/'4-9"*/)'47&'):&">&*
H7&#'7&'/-&)'4-'"'#&9')-%#/B'7&C)'*&9"*/&/
3&5-#/':7")&,'(#8"#4'0&5-2&)'7"0(4%"4&/'4-'"':"*4(5%+"*':7-#&2&'01':+"1(#$'(4'"$"(#'"#/'"$"(#'%#4(+'47&'(#8"#4')4-:)'
+-->(#$
^&9'4&)4':7-#&2&'()'47&#':*&)&#4&/'
?8'(#8"#4'4%*#)'7()'7&"/'4-9"*/)'47&'):&">&*B'(#/(5"4&)'7&'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'47&'O')-%#/)
!
?#8"#4)'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'#-#I#"4(.&')-%#/)'47"4'"*&'"0)&#4'8*-2'47&'+"#$%"$&'-8'47&'5%+4%*&'(#'97(57'47&1'"*&'0&(#$'*"()&/'
X84&*'N)4'1&"*B'(#8"#4)'+-)&'2-)4'-8'47&(*'"0(+(41'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'47&'#-#I#"4(.&':7-#&2&)
?#8"#4)'"*&'9&++'4%#&/'4-'+&"*#'"#-47&*'+"#$%"$&'"4'"'1-%#$'"$&'
3%:&*(-*'2")4&*1'-8'"++'"):&54)'-8'+"#$%"$&'
!
X/%+4)'*&[%(*&'4(2&'"#/'&88-*4'4-'+&"*#'#&9'+"#$%"$&'"#/'/()5*(2(#"4&':7-#&2&)'
!
Unit%5:%Theories%of%Language%Development%
3-5("+'!&"*#(#$'=7&-*1,'P7(+/*&#'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&'47*-%$7'(2(4"4(-#'"#/'-:&*"#4'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
K"01')"1)'2"2"'8-*'47&'8(*)4'4(2&B'2-2'$&4)'7"::1'Q*&(#8-*5&2&#4'8-*'/&)(*&/'0&7".(-%*R'
S"*&#4)':*-.(/&'&F:+(5(4'2-/&+)'-8'+"#$%"$&
3-2&':&-:+&'/-#W4'0&+(&.&'
!
H(47-%4'&F:-)%*&'4-'"/&[%"4&')-%*5&)'-8'+"#$%"$&B'57(+/*&#'9(++'8"(+'4-'/&.&+-:'47&)&')>(++)
!
a-%#$'57(+/*&#'2">&'(#4&*&)4(#$'+"#$%"$&'&**-*)'47"4'9(++'#&.&*'0&'7&"*/'(#'"/%+4'):&&57
E.&*&F4&#)(-#),'"::+1'"'*%+&'4-'0*-"/+1
!&.&+'-8'2&"#(#$'-*')1#4"F
!
;$<'T-$b'/-$$(&B'57(+/'9(++'+"0&+'"++'8-%*'+&$$&/'"#(2"+)'c/-$$(&c'
!
;$<'cS+"1&/'b'*%##&/c'
!
G#/&*&F4&#)(-#),'"::+1'*%+&'4-'):&5(8(5'-0A&54'-#+1'
;$<'T-$$(&'9(++'-#+1'*&8&*'4-'7&*':&4'/-$'#-'-47&*'/-$)
!
;$<'T%5>'b'-#+1'7&*'4-1'/%5>'#-4'*&"+'/%5>
!
!
!"#$%"$&'X5[%()(4(-#'T&.(5&'Q!XTR,'(##"4&'2&57"#()2'5"%)&)'+"#$%"$&'4-'/&.&+-:'*":(/+1''
X*$%&)'47"4'."*(-%)'+"#$%"$&)'2"1'*&+1'-#'."*("4(-#)'-8'$*"22"4(5"+'*%+&B'"++'+"#$%"$&)'8-++-9'5&*4"(#B'8%#/"2&#4"+B'
%#/&*+1(#$'*%+&)'
X++-9'47&2'4-'%#/&*)4"#/'"#/'%)&'47&)&'%#(.&*)"+'$*"22"*'*%+&)
!"#$%"$&'
!
X++-9)'+"#$%"$&')>(++)'4-'/&.&+-:'*":(/+1
;.(/&#5&,'/&"8'57(+/*&#'%)(#$')($#'+"#$%"$&'9(47-%4'0&(#$'4"%$74'Z
;.(/&#5&,'^&%*-+-$(5"+'/"4"'
a-%#$'57(+/*&#,')7-9'#&%*-+-$(5"+'*&):-#)&)'4-'47&'8(*)4'+"#$%"$&'47&1'"*&'&F:-)&/'4-'
S*&8&*'+()4&#(#$'4-'):&&57'*"47&*'47"#'#-#I):&&57')-%#/)
!
3%$$&)4),'(#8"#4)'"*&':*&I9(*&/'4-'"/":4'4-')-%#/)'"#/'47&(*'"))-5("4&/'2&"#(#$)'(#':*&)&#4'
&#.(*-#2&#4
!
Z
!
!
Unit%6:%Animal%Communication
K&&)'I 9"$$+&'/"#5&''I 97&#'8-%#/'8--/
T()4"#5&'-8'9"$$+&,'/()4"#5&'-8'8--/
X#$+&'-8'9"$$+&,'/(*&54(-#'-8'8--/'
X84&*'9"$$+&B'*&4%*#)'(#'+--:'4-'*&)4"*4'"#/'*&:&"4
!
!
K(*/)'I 7($7+1'5-2:+&F')-#$)'8-*'2"4&'"44*"54(-#'
!
P7(2:,'H")7-&'+&"*#&/')($#'+"#$%"$&'01'5+"))(5"+'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
H")'#-4')1)4&2"4(5'$*"22"*'
!
P7(2:,'3"*"7'9")'4"%$74'4-'%)&')120-+)'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'01'5+"))(5"+'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
G)&/'+"*$&'.-5"0%+"*1'4-'"#)9&*'[%&)4(-#)'
P-%+/'#-4'$&#&*"4&'#&9')&#4&#5&)
!
P7(2:,'D"#6('4"%$74'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'%)(#$'+&F($*"2)'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'01'5-2:+&4&'(22&*)(-#'(#'+"#$%"$&'
J-:&/'4-'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&'01'-0)&*."4(-#
P-%+/'5-22%#(5"4&')-2&'#-.&+'*&[%&)4)'
!(2(4&/'$*"22"*'
!(2(4&/'%#/&*)4"#/(#$'
!
!"#$%"$&'()'"'9(#/-9'(#4-'7%2"#'5-$#(4(-#'
!
Language'
H&/#&)/"1B'E54-0&*'NdB'OeN_
NN,Oe'XM
Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document.
Unlock all 12 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
T-$'I/@-@$
P"#'8-++-9'*%+&)'-8':7-#&2&'5-20(#"4(-#)'4-'2">&'%:'"':+"%)(0+&'9-*/'47"4'7")'#-'2&"#(#$'
!
31#4"F@$*"22"*,'U%+&)'47"4'$-.&*#'7-9'9-*/)'"*&'$*-%:&/'4-$&47&*'4-'8-*2'"')&#4&#5&'
T(88&*&#5&)'(#')1#4"54(5'*%+&)'"2-#$'+"#$%"$&)'"*&'")'."*(&/'")'47&'5%+4%*&'47&1'-*($(#"4&'8*-2
3-2&'+"#$%"$&)'"))($#'$&#/&*'4-'-0A&54)'QV*&#57R'
H7&#'%)(#$':*&:-)(4(-#)'Q"B'47&RB'2%)4'4">&'(#4-'"55-%#4'97"4'$&#/&*'(4'()'*&:*&)&#4(#$
!
3-2&'+"#$%"$&)'/-#W4'"))($#'$*"22"4(5"+'$&#/&*'4-'"++'#-%#)B'-#+1'97&*&'(4'5-**&):-#/)'4-'0(-+-$(5"+'$&#/&*'Q;#$+()7R
J&B')7&'8-*':&-:+&'0%4'#-4'4"0+&'
!
X)'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'):&">&*B'1-%C*&'"#'&F:&*4'(#')1#4"F'9(47-%4'7".(#$'4-':%4'2%57'47-%$74'(#4-'(4
/&):(4&'47()':*-5&))(#$'8+%&#51B'(4)'/(88(5%+4'4-'/&)5*(0&'47&')1#4"54(5'*%+&)'-8'1-%*'-9#'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&B'5-2&)'
#"4%*"++1'4-'1-%'
!
!
3&2"#4(5),'2&"#(#$'-8'&"57'(#/(.(/%"+'9-*/
3&#4&#5&'2"1'7".&':&*8&54')1#4"54(5"+')4*%54%*&'0%4'#-')&2"#4(5'2&"#(#$'"4'"++
;$<'=7&'5-+-%*+&))'$*&&#'(/&")')+&&:'8%*(-%)+1'0&)(/&'47&'>9(A(0-
Y(-+"4&)'#-';#$+()7')1#4"54(5"+')4*%54%*&'0%4'7")'#-'2&"#(#$'Q#-')&2"#4(5)R'Z
!
!
Unit%3:%Development%and%the%Segmentation%Problem
J%2"#'(#8"#4)'-#+1'5-22%#(5"4&'#&&/)'01'5*1(#$
P"#'-#+1'5-22%#(5"4&'97&#'47&1'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&
!
!"#$%"$&':*-/%54(-#'(#5*&")&)')1)4&2"4(5"++1'47*-%$7'(#8"#51'"#/'57(+/7--/'
;.&#'1-%#$'(#8"#4)')7-9'+"#$%"$&')>(++)'01'*&):-#/(#$'4-':*&)&#5&'-8'"#-47&*'"#/')2(+(#$')-5("++1'
M(+&)4-#&),'
!
V-++-9&/'01'K"00+(#$,'(#8"#4'2">&)'*"#$&'-8'/*"9#'-%4')-%#/)'47"4'5-20(#&'5-#)-#"#4)'"#/'.-9&+)'
?#5+%/&'*71472'"#/'(#8+&54(-#
M"1')-%#/'")'47&1'"*&'")>(#$'"'[%&)4(-#'-*'(#.-+.&/'(#'"'5-#.&*)"4(-#
!
!
!"#$%"$&';F:+-)(-#,
K&49&&#'N'"#/'\'1&"*)
Y-5"0%+"*1'(#5*&")&)'*":(/+1'"#/'0&$(#'4-'+&"*#'"'+-4'-8'#&9'9-*/)'
!
X)'/&.&+-:2&#4':*-$*&))&)B'47&1'*&:&"4'5&*4"(#'5-20(#"4(-#)'-8')-%#/)':"*4(5%+"*'4-'47&'+"#$%"$&
8-*2)'47&'0")()'8-*'47&(*'8(*)4'9-*/
!
S&*5&:4(-#,':&*)-#'):&">(#$'"#'%#8"2(+("*'+"#$%"$&'-84&#')-%#/)'")'47-%$7'47&1'"*&'):&">(#$'.&*1'[%(5>+1
?++%)(-#'5"%)&/'01'47&'/(88(5%+41'1-%'7".&')&$2&#4(#$'47&'):&&57')4*&"2'(#4-'9-*/'%#(4)
T()-*(&#4(#$'&88&54'-8'*&"/(#$'"')&#4&#5&'9(47'#-'#"4%*"+'0*&">)'4-'$%(/&'1-%
!
;")(&*'4-')4*&"2'97&#'9-*/)'"*&'#"4%*"++1'):"5&/'":"*4
!
!
T-&)'(#8"#4)C':*-8(5(&#51'"4'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#B':*&/(54'+"4&*'+"#$%"$&'"0(+(41]
34%/1'01'^&92"#'"#/'5-++&"$%&)
U&)&"*57&*)'0&$"#'01'8"2(+("*(6(#$'(#8"#4)'*"#$(#$'8*-2'_<`INO'2-#47)'9(47'"'4"*$&4'9-*/'Q/-$R'
!
H7&#'(#8"#4)'9&*&'+"4&*'*&"/')4-*(&)B'P-%+/'47&'(#8"#4'/&4&54'47&'4"*$&4'9-*/'8*-2'47&'):&&57')4*&"2]
H7&#'47&1'4%*#&/'49-B'&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*1'57&5>+()4'9")'5-2:+&4&/'
=-4"+'#%20&*'-8'9-*/)'47"4'"*&':*-/%5&/'01'"'57(+/Z
!
;"*+1'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)')7-9&/')4*-#$':-)(4(.&'5-**&+"4(-#'9(47'&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*1
P7(+/*&#'97-'7"/'&"*+(&*'/&2-#)4*"4&/'$--/'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)'")'(#8"#4)B'#-9'7"/'+"*$&*'
&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*(&)
Z
P7(+/*&#'97-'7"/'&"*+(&*'/&2-#)4*"4&/':--*&*'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)'#-9'7"/')2"++&*'&F:*&))(.&'
.-5"0%+"*(&)'
Z
!
=7&-*&4(5"+'+&.&+,'8(#/(#$)'$(.&'$+(2:)&'-8'%#/&*)4"#/(#$'7-9'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:)'
P+(#(5"+'+&.&+,'8(#/(#$)'5-%+/'+&"/'4-'(#8"#4')5*&&#(#$'4&)4)'4-':*&/(54'+"4&*':*-0+&2)'(#'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:2&#4'"#/'/(*&54'
&"*+1'4*&"42&#4'(#4&*.&#4(-#)
!
Unit%4:%Universal%Phonetic%Sensitivity%
Y&*1'1-%#$'(#8"#4)'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'2-*&':7-#&2&)'47"#'"/%+4)'5"#
^-4'"++'+"#$%"$&'%)&':7-#&2&)
;$<'L":"#&)&@'D-*&"#)'/-#W4'%)&':7-#&2&)'Q+"@*"R'")'47&1'7".&'/(88(5%+41'7&"*(#$'47&'/(88&*&#5&'0&49&&#'47&'49-'
)-%#/)'0%4'L":"#&)&@D-*&"#'0"0(&)'"*&'5":"0+&'-8'/()5*(2(#"4(#$'47&)&')-%#/)
!
!
G#(.&*)"+'S7-#&2&'3&#)(4(.(41,'X0(+(41'-8'(#8"#4)'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'0&49&&#'"#1')-%#/)'47&1C*&'4&)4&/'-#
?#5+%/&)')-%#/)'8*-2'#-#I#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&)
!
S&*5&:4%"+'^"**-9(#$,'J"*/&*'4-'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&)'")'"#'"/%+4']]]
!
J&"/'4%*#':*-5&/%*&,'4&57#([%&'4-'(#/(*&54+1'2&")%*&'47&':&*5&:4(-#'-8':7-#&2&)'
=*"(#(#$,'(#8"#4'+&"*#)'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'O'/(88&*&#4':7-#&2&)'"#/'4%*#'7()'7&"/'4-9"*/)'47&'):&">&*
H7&#'7&'/-&)'4-'"'#&9')-%#/B'7&C)'*&9"*/&/
3&5-#/':7")&,'(#8"#4'0&5-2&)'7"0(4%"4&/'4-'"':"*4(5%+"*':7-#&2&'01':+"1(#$'(4'"$"(#'"#/'"$"(#'%#4(+'47&'(#8"#4')4-:)'
+-->(#$
^&9'4&)4':7-#&2&'()'47&#':*&)&#4&/'
?8'(#8"#4'4%*#)'7()'7&"/'4-9"*/)'47&'):&">&*B'(#/(5"4&)'7&'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'47&'O')-%#/)
!
?#8"#4)'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'#-#I#"4(.&')-%#/)'47"4'"*&'"0)&#4'8*-2'47&'+"#$%"$&'-8'47&'5%+4%*&'(#'97(57'47&1'"*&'0&(#$'*"()&/'
X84&*'N)4'1&"*B'(#8"#4)'+-)&'2-)4'-8'47&(*'"0(+(41'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'47&'#-#I#"4(.&':7-#&2&)
?#8"#4)'"*&'9&++'4%#&/'4-'+&"*#'"#-47&*'+"#$%"$&'"4'"'1-%#$'"$&'
3%:&*(-*'2")4&*1'-8'"++'"):&54)'-8'+"#$%"$&'
!
X/%+4)'*&[%(*&'4(2&'"#/'&88-*4'4-'+&"*#'#&9'+"#$%"$&'"#/'/()5*(2(#"4&':7-#&2&)'
!
Unit%5:%Theories%of%Language%Development%
3-5("+'!&"*#(#$'=7&-*1,'P7(+/*&#'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&'47*-%$7'(2(4"4(-#'"#/'-:&*"#4'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
K"01')"1)'2"2"'8-*'47&'8(*)4'4(2&B'2-2'$&4)'7"::1'Q*&(#8-*5&2&#4'8-*'/&)(*&/'0&7".(-%*R'
S"*&#4)':*-.(/&'&F:+(5(4'2-/&+)'-8'+"#$%"$&
3-2&':&-:+&'/-#W4'0&+(&.&'
!
H(47-%4'&F:-)%*&'4-'"/&[%"4&')-%*5&)'-8'+"#$%"$&B'57(+/*&#'9(++'8"(+'4-'/&.&+-:'47&)&')>(++)
!
a-%#$'57(+/*&#'2">&'(#4&*&)4(#$'+"#$%"$&'&**-*)'47"4'9(++'#&.&*'0&'7&"*/'(#'"/%+4'):&&57
E.&*&F4&#)(-#),'"::+1'"'*%+&'4-'0*-"/+1
!&.&+'-8'2&"#(#$'-*')1#4"F
!
;$<'T-$b'/-$$(&B'57(+/'9(++'+"0&+'"++'8-%*'+&$$&/'"#(2"+)'c/-$$(&c'
!
;$<'cS+"1&/'b'*%##&/c'
!
G#/&*&F4&#)(-#),'"::+1'*%+&'4-'):&5(8(5'-0A&54'-#+1'
;$<'T-$$(&'9(++'-#+1'*&8&*'4-'7&*':&4'/-$'#-'-47&*'/-$)
!
;$<'T%5>'b'-#+1'7&*'4-1'/%5>'#-4'*&"+'/%5>
!
!
!"#$%"$&'X5[%()(4(-#'T&.(5&'Q!XTR,'(##"4&'2&57"#()2'5"%)&)'+"#$%"$&'4-'/&.&+-:'*":(/+1''
X*$%&)'47"4'."*(-%)'+"#$%"$&)'2"1'*&+1'-#'."*("4(-#)'-8'$*"22"4(5"+'*%+&B'"++'+"#$%"$&)'8-++-9'5&*4"(#B'8%#/"2&#4"+B'
%#/&*+1(#$'*%+&)'
X++-9'47&2'4-'%#/&*)4"#/'"#/'%)&'47&)&'%#(.&*)"+'$*"22"*'*%+&)
!"#$%"$&'
!
X++-9)'+"#$%"$&')>(++)'4-'/&.&+-:'*":(/+1
;.(/&#5&,'/&"8'57(+/*&#'%)(#$')($#'+"#$%"$&'9(47-%4'0&(#$'4"%$74'Z
;.(/&#5&,'^&%*-+-$(5"+'/"4"'
a-%#$'57(+/*&#,')7-9'#&%*-+-$(5"+'*&):-#)&)'4-'47&'8(*)4'+"#$%"$&'47&1'"*&'&F:-)&/'4-'
S*&8&*'+()4&#(#$'4-'):&&57'*"47&*'47"#'#-#I):&&57')-%#/)
!
3%$$&)4),'(#8"#4)'"*&':*&I9(*&/'4-'"/":4'4-')-%#/)'"#/'47&(*'"))-5("4&/'2&"#(#$)'(#':*&)&#4'
&#.(*-#2&#4
!
Z
!
!
Unit%6:%Animal%Communication
K&&)'I 9"$$+&'/"#5&''I 97&#'8-%#/'8--/
T()4"#5&'-8'9"$$+&,'/()4"#5&'-8'8--/
X#$+&'-8'9"$$+&,'/(*&54(-#'-8'8--/'
X84&*'9"$$+&B'*&4%*#)'(#'+--:'4-'*&)4"*4'"#/'*&:&"4
!
!
K(*/)'I 7($7+1'5-2:+&F')-#$)'8-*'2"4&'"44*"54(-#'
!
P7(2:,'H")7-&'+&"*#&/')($#'+"#$%"$&'01'5+"))(5"+'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
H")'#-4')1)4&2"4(5'$*"22"*'
!
P7(2:,'3"*"7'9")'4"%$74'4-'%)&')120-+)'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'01'5+"))(5"+'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
G)&/'+"*$&'.-5"0%+"*1'4-'"#)9&*'[%&)4(-#)'
P-%+/'#-4'$&#&*"4&'#&9')&#4&#5&)
!
P7(2:,'D"#6('4"%$74'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'%)(#$'+&F($*"2)'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'01'5-2:+&4&'(22&*)(-#'(#'+"#$%"$&'
J-:&/'4-'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&'01'-0)&*."4(-#
P-%+/'5-22%#(5"4&')-2&'#-.&+'*&[%&)4)'
!(2(4&/'$*"22"*'
!(2(4&/'%#/&*)4"#/(#$'
!
!"#$%"$&'()'"'9(#/-9'(#4-'7%2"#'5-$#(4(-#'
!
Language'
H&/#&)/"1B'E54-0&*'NdB'OeN_
NN,Oe'XM
Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document.
Unlock all 12 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in
Unit%1:%Introduction%to%Language
!"#$%"$&'()'*&$%+"*,'$-.&*#&/'01'*%+&)'"#/'$*"22"*'
3&#4&#5&'5"#'0&'*&-*$"#(6&/'"#/')4(++'7".&'47&')"2&'2&"#(#$'0&5"%)&'-8'"')1)4&2'-8'*%+&)'/&4"(+)'7-9'2%57'&"57'9-*/'
8(4)'"*-%#/'(4'
!
!"#$%"$&'()'"*0(4*"*1,'):&5(8(5')-%#/'()'"))($#&/'4-'*&:*&)&#4'"'5-#5&:4'
;$<'=7&*&'()'#-47(#$'"0-%4'47&')-%#/'-8'47&'9-*/'5"4'4-'*&8&*'(4'4-'"'8%**1'"#(2"+'9(47'97()>&*)'"#/'"'4"(+'
?8')-%#/)'9&'%)&'7"/'4-'*&+"4&@/&)5*(0&'47&'-0A&54'(#')-2&'9"1B'(4'9-%+/#C4'2">&')&#)&'4-'5"++'"'5"4'"'5"4'(#';#$+()7B'
$-1"#$&&'"#/'D-*&"#
!
!"#$%"$&'()':*-/%54(.&,'+(2(4+&))'9"1)'4-'5-20(#&'9-*/)'4-'/&)5*(0&'-0A&54)B')(4%"4(-#)'"#/'"54(-#)'
;$<'E0)&*.(#$'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:2&#4'(#'1-%#$&)4'+&"*#&*)
?#8"#4)'7".&'"#'(2:*&))(.&':*-:&#)(41'8-*'+&"*#(#$'+"#$%"$&'"#/'"54(.&+1'&F:&*(2&#4'9(47'#-.&+'9-*/'"#/')-%#/'
5-20(#"4(-#)'47"4'7".&'#&.&*'0&&#'&F:+(5(4+1'4"%$74.
!
!
G)&'+"#$%"$&'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'4-'-47&*)'"#/'8-*2'1-%*'47-%$74)
H7(+&'47(#>(#$'4-'1-%*)&+8'1-%'*%#'47*-%$7'"':*(."4&'/("+-$%&'(#'1-%*'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'
=7-%$74'"#/'+"#$%"$&'"*&#C4'47&')"2&B')-2&'47-%$74'4">&'47&')"2&'8-*2'-8'+"#$%"$&'
!
H7-*8I 3":(*'J1:-47&)(),'!"#$%"$&'2"1'(#8+%&#5&'7-9'9&':&*5&(.&'"#/'&F:&*(&#5&'47&'9-*+/'
K*"6(+'4*(0&'&F:&*(2&#4':*--8
H1-2(#$'?#/("#)'&F:&*(2&#4'5-%#4&*)'47&'71:-47&)()'
L%*1')4(++'-%4'
!
Unit%2:%The%structure%of%Language%
M-*:7&2&,')2"++&)4'%#(4'-8')-%#/'47"4'5-#4"(#)'(#8-*2"4(-#
E84&#'"'9-*/B'0%4')-2&'9-*/)'5-#4"(#'2%+4(:+&'2-*:7&2&)
="0+&'I 5-#4"(#)'N'2-*:7&2&
!
="0+&'5+-47'I 5-#4"(#)'O'2-*:7&2&)
!
P"#')4"#/'"+-#&'")'"#'(#/(.(/%"+'9-*/'
="0+&'.)'5+-47
!
3-2&'2-*:7&2&)'2%)4'0&'"//&/'4-'"#-47&*'2-*:7&2&'4-'2">&')&#)&
="0+&Q)RB'4"0+&')"1)'4"0+&B')')"1)':+%*"+
!
!
S7-#&2&,'0*&">(#$'/-9#'"'2-*:7&2&'(#4-'(4)'5-#)4(4%&#4')-%#/
T-$'I/@-@$
P"#'8-++-9'*%+&)'-8':7-#&2&'5-20(#"4(-#)'4-'2">&'%:'"':+"%)(0+&'9-*/'47"4'7")'#-'2&"#(#$'
!
31#4"F@$*"22"*,'U%+&)'47"4'$-.&*#'7-9'9-*/)'"*&'$*-%:&/'4-$&47&*'4-'8-*2'"')&#4&#5&'
T(88&*&#5&)'(#')1#4"54(5'*%+&)'"2-#$'+"#$%"$&)'"*&'")'."*(&/'")'47&'5%+4%*&'47&1'-*($(#"4&'8*-2
3-2&'+"#$%"$&)'"))($#'$&#/&*'4-'-0A&54)'QV*&#57R'
H7&#'%)(#$':*&:-)(4(-#)'Q"B'47&RB'2%)4'4">&'(#4-'"55-%#4'97"4'$&#/&*'(4'()'*&:*&)&#4(#$
!
3-2&'+"#$%"$&)'/-#W4'"))($#'$*"22"4(5"+'$&#/&*'4-'"++'#-%#)B'-#+1'97&*&'(4'5-**&):-#/)'4-'0(-+-$(5"+'$&#/&*'Q;#$+()7R
J&B')7&'8-*':&-:+&'0%4'#-4'4"0+&'
!
X)'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&'):&">&*B'1-%C*&'"#'&F:&*4'(#')1#4"F'9(47-%4'7".(#$'4-':%4'2%57'47-%$74'(#4-'(4
/&):(4&'47()':*-5&))(#$'8+%&#51B'(4)'/(88(5%+4'4-'/&)5*(0&'47&')1#4"54(5'*%+&)'-8'1-%*'-9#'#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&B'5-2&)'
#"4%*"++1'4-'1-%'
!
!
3&2"#4(5),'2&"#(#$'-8'&"57'(#/(.(/%"+'9-*/
3&#4&#5&'2"1'7".&':&*8&54')1#4"54(5"+')4*%54%*&'0%4'#-')&2"#4(5'2&"#(#$'"4'"++
;$<'=7&'5-+-%*+&))'$*&&#'(/&")')+&&:'8%*(-%)+1'0&)(/&'47&'>9(A(0-
Y(-+"4&)'#-';#$+()7')1#4"54(5"+')4*%54%*&'0%4'7")'#-'2&"#(#$'Q#-')&2"#4(5)R'
Z
!
!
Unit%3:%Development%and%the%Segmentation%Problem
J%2"#'(#8"#4)'-#+1'5-22%#(5"4&'#&&/)'01'5*1(#$
P"#'-#+1'5-22%#(5"4&'97&#'47&1'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&
!
!"#$%"$&':*-/%54(-#'(#5*&")&)')1)4&2"4(5"++1'47*-%$7'(#8"#51'"#/'57(+/7--/'
;.&#'1-%#$'(#8"#4)')7-9'+"#$%"$&')>(++)'01'*&):-#/(#$'4-':*&)&#5&'-8'"#-47&*'"#/')2(+(#$')-5("++1'
M(+&)4-#&),'
!
V-++-9&/'01'K"00+(#$,'(#8"#4'2">&)'*"#$&'-8'/*"9#'-%4')-%#/)'47"4'5-20(#&'5-#)-#"#4)'"#/'.-9&+)'
?#5+%/&'*71472'"#/'(#8+&54(-#
M"1')-%#/'")'47&1'"*&'")>(#$'"'[%&)4(-#'-*'(#.-+.&/'(#'"'5-#.&*)"4(-#
!
!
!"#$%"$&';F:+-)(-#,
K&49&&#'N'"#/'\'1&"*)
Y-5"0%+"*1'(#5*&")&)'*":(/+1'"#/'0&$(#'4-'+&"*#'"'+-4'-8'#&9'9-*/)'
!
X)'/&.&+-:2&#4':*-$*&))&)B'47&1'*&:&"4'5&*4"(#'5-20(#"4(-#)'-8')-%#/)':"*4(5%+"*'4-'47&'+"#$%"$&
8-*2)'47&'0")()'8-*'47&(*'8(*)4'9-*/
!
S&*5&:4(-#,':&*)-#'):&">(#$'"#'%#8"2(+("*'+"#$%"$&'-84&#')-%#/)'")'47-%$7'47&1'"*&'):&">(#$'.&*1'[%(5>+1
?++%)(-#'5"%)&/'01'47&'/(88(5%+41'1-%'7".&')&$2&#4(#$'47&'):&&57')4*&"2'(#4-'9-*/'%#(4)
T()-*(&#4(#$'&88&54'-8'*&"/(#$'"')&#4&#5&'9(47'#-'#"4%*"+'0*&">)'4-'$%(/&'1-%
!
;")(&*'4-')4*&"2'97&#'9-*/)'"*&'#"4%*"++1'):"5&/'":"*4
!
!
T-&)'(#8"#4)C':*-8(5(&#51'"4'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#B':*&/(54'+"4&*'+"#$%"$&'"0(+(41]
34%/1'01'^&92"#'"#/'5-++&"$%&)
U&)&"*57&*)'0&$"#'01'8"2(+("*(6(#$'(#8"#4)'*"#$(#$'8*-2'_<`INO'2-#47)'9(47'"'4"*$&4'9-*/'Q/-$R'
!
H7&#'(#8"#4)'9&*&'+"4&*'*&"/')4-*(&)B'P-%+/'47&'(#8"#4'/&4&54'47&'4"*$&4'9-*/'8*-2'47&'):&&57')4*&"2]
H7&#'47&1'4%*#&/'49-B'&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*1'57&5>+()4'9")'5-2:+&4&/'
=-4"+'#%20&*'-8'9-*/)'47"4'"*&':*-/%5&/'01'"'57(+/Z
!
;"*+1'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)')7-9&/')4*-#$':-)(4(.&'5-**&+"4(-#'9(47'&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*1
P7(+/*&#'97-'7"/'&"*+(&*'/&2-#)4*"4&/'$--/'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)'")'(#8"#4)B'#-9'7"/'+"*$&*'
&F:*&))(.&'.-5"0%+"*(&)
Z
P7(+/*&#'97-'7"/'&"*+(&*'/&2-#)4*"4&/':--*&*'):&&57')&$2&#4"4(-#')>(++)'#-9'7"/')2"++&*'&F:*&))(.&'
.-5"0%+"*(&)'
Z
!
=7&-*&4(5"+'+&.&+,'8(#/(#$)'$(.&'$+(2:)&'-8'%#/&*)4"#/(#$'7-9'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:)'
P+(#(5"+'+&.&+,'8(#/(#$)'5-%+/'+&"/'4-'(#8"#4')5*&&#(#$'4&)4)'4-':*&/(54'+"4&*':*-0+&2)'(#'+"#$%"$&'/&.&+-:2&#4'"#/'/(*&54'
&"*+1'4*&"42&#4'(#4&*.&#4(-#)
!
Unit%4:%Universal%Phonetic%Sensitivity%
Y&*1'1-%#$'(#8"#4)'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'2-*&':7-#&2&)'47"#'"/%+4)'5"#
^-4'"++'+"#$%"$&'%)&':7-#&2&)
;$<'L":"#&)&@'D-*&"#)'/-#W4'%)&':7-#&2&)'Q+"@*"R'")'47&1'7".&'/(88(5%+41'7&"*(#$'47&'/(88&*&#5&'0&49&&#'47&'49-'
)-%#/)'0%4'L":"#&)&@D-*&"#'0"0(&)'"*&'5":"0+&'-8'/()5*(2(#"4(#$'47&)&')-%#/)
!
!
G#(.&*)"+'S7-#&2&'3&#)(4(.(41,'X0(+(41'-8'(#8"#4)'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'0&49&&#'"#1')-%#/)'47&1C*&'4&)4&/'-#
?#5+%/&)')-%#/)'8*-2'#-#I#"4(.&'+"#$%"$&)
!
S&*5&:4%"+'^"**-9(#$,'J"*/&*'4-'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&)'")'"#'"/%+4']]]
!
J&"/'4%*#':*-5&/%*&,'4&57#([%&'4-'(#/(*&54+1'2&")%*&'47&':&*5&:4(-#'-8':7-#&2&)'
=*"(#(#$,'(#8"#4'+&"*#)'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'O'/(88&*&#4':7-#&2&)'"#/'4%*#'7()'7&"/'4-9"*/)'47&'):&">&*
H7&#'7&'/-&)'4-'"'#&9')-%#/B'7&C)'*&9"*/&/
3&5-#/':7")&,'(#8"#4'0&5-2&)'7"0(4%"4&/'4-'"':"*4(5%+"*':7-#&2&'01':+"1(#$'(4'"$"(#'"#/'"$"(#'%#4(+'47&'(#8"#4')4-:)'
+-->(#$
^&9'4&)4':7-#&2&'()'47&#':*&)&#4&/'
?8'(#8"#4'4%*#)'7()'7&"/'4-9"*/)'47&'):&">&*B'(#/(5"4&)'7&'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'47&'O')-%#/)
!
?#8"#4)'5"#'/()5*(2(#"4&'#-#I#"4(.&')-%#/)'47"4'"*&'"0)&#4'8*-2'47&'+"#$%"$&'-8'47&'5%+4%*&'(#'97(57'47&1'"*&'0&(#$'*"()&/'
X84&*'N)4'1&"*B'(#8"#4)'+-)&'2-)4'-8'47&(*'"0(+(41'4-'/()5*(2(#"4&'47&'#-#I#"4(.&':7-#&2&)
?#8"#4)'"*&'9&++'4%#&/'4-'+&"*#'"#-47&*'+"#$%"$&'"4'"'1-%#$'"$&'
3%:&*(-*'2")4&*1'-8'"++'"):&54)'-8'+"#$%"$&'
!
X/%+4)'*&[%(*&'4(2&'"#/'&88-*4'4-'+&"*#'#&9'+"#$%"$&'"#/'/()5*(2(#"4&':7-#&2&)'
!
Unit%5:%Theories%of%Language%Development%
3-5("+'!&"*#(#$'=7&-*1,'P7(+/*&#'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&'47*-%$7'(2(4"4(-#'"#/'-:&*"#4'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
K"01')"1)'2"2"'8-*'47&'8(*)4'4(2&B'2-2'$&4)'7"::1'Q*&(#8-*5&2&#4'8-*'/&)(*&/'0&7".(-%*R'
S"*&#4)':*-.(/&'&F:+(5(4'2-/&+)'-8'+"#$%"$&
3-2&':&-:+&'/-#W4'0&+(&.&'
!
H(47-%4'&F:-)%*&'4-'"/&[%"4&')-%*5&)'-8'+"#$%"$&B'57(+/*&#'9(++'8"(+'4-'/&.&+-:'47&)&')>(++)
!
a-%#$'57(+/*&#'2">&'(#4&*&)4(#$'+"#$%"$&'&**-*)'47"4'9(++'#&.&*'0&'7&"*/'(#'"/%+4'):&&57
E.&*&F4&#)(-#),'"::+1'"'*%+&'4-'0*-"/+1
!&.&+'-8'2&"#(#$'-*')1#4"F
!
;$<'T-$b'/-$$(&B'57(+/'9(++'+"0&+'"++'8-%*'+&$$&/'"#(2"+)'c/-$$(&c'
!
;$<'cS+"1&/'b'*%##&/c'
!
G#/&*&F4&#)(-#),'"::+1'*%+&'4-'):&5(8(5'-0A&54'-#+1'
;$<'T-$$(&'9(++'-#+1'*&8&*'4-'7&*':&4'/-$'#-'-47&*'/-$)
!
;$<'T%5>'b'-#+1'7&*'4-1'/%5>'#-4'*&"+'/%5>
!
!
!"#$%"$&'X5[%()(4(-#'T&.(5&'Q!XTR,'(##"4&'2&57"#()2'5"%)&)'+"#$%"$&'4-'/&.&+-:'*":(/+1''
X*$%&)'47"4'."*(-%)'+"#$%"$&)'2"1'*&+1'-#'."*("4(-#)'-8'$*"22"4(5"+'*%+&B'"++'+"#$%"$&)'8-++-9'5&*4"(#B'8%#/"2&#4"+B'
%#/&*+1(#$'*%+&)'
X++-9'47&2'4-'%#/&*)4"#/'"#/'%)&'47&)&'%#(.&*)"+'$*"22"*'*%+&)
!"#$%"$&'
!
X++-9)'+"#$%"$&')>(++)'4-'/&.&+-:'*":(/+1
;.(/&#5&,'/&"8'57(+/*&#'%)(#$')($#'+"#$%"$&'9(47-%4'0&(#$'4"%$74'Z
;.(/&#5&,'^&%*-+-$(5"+'/"4"'
a-%#$'57(+/*&#,')7-9'#&%*-+-$(5"+'*&):-#)&)'4-'47&'8(*)4'+"#$%"$&'47&1'"*&'&F:-)&/'4-'
S*&8&*'+()4&#(#$'4-'):&&57'*"47&*'47"#'#-#I):&&57')-%#/)
!
3%$$&)4),'(#8"#4)'"*&':*&I9(*&/'4-'"/":4'4-')-%#/)'"#/'47&(*'"))-5("4&/'2&"#(#$)'(#':*&)&#4'
&#.(*-#2&#4
!
Z
!
!
Unit%6:%Animal%Communication
K&&)'I 9"$$+&'/"#5&''I 97&#'8-%#/'8--/
T()4"#5&'-8'9"$$+&,'/()4"#5&'-8'8--/
X#$+&'-8'9"$$+&,'/(*&54(-#'-8'8--/'
X84&*'9"$$+&B'*&4%*#)'(#'+--:'4-'*&)4"*4'"#/'*&:&"4
!
!
K(*/)'I 7($7+1'5-2:+&F')-#$)'8-*'2"4&'"44*"54(-#'
!
P7(2:,'H")7-&'+&"*#&/')($#'+"#$%"$&'01'5+"))(5"+'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
H")'#-4')1)4&2"4(5'$*"22"*'
!
P7(2:,'3"*"7'9")'4"%$74'4-'%)&')120-+)'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'01'5+"))(5"+'5-#/(4(-#(#$'
G)&/'+"*$&'.-5"0%+"*1'4-'"#)9&*'[%&)4(-#)'
P-%+/'#-4'$&#&*"4&'#&9')&#4&#5&)
!
P7(2:,'D"#6('4"%$74'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'%)(#$'+&F($*"2)'4-'5-22%#(5"4&'01'5-2:+&4&'(22&*)(-#'(#'+"#$%"$&'
J-:&/'4-'+&"*#'+"#$%"$&'01'-0)&*."4(-#
P-%+/'5-22%#(5"4&')-2&'#-.&+'*&[%&)4)'
!(2(4&/'$*"22"*'
!(2(4&/'%#/&*)4"#/(#$'
!
!"#$%"$&'()'"'9(#/-9'(#4-'7%2"#'5-$#(4(-#'
!
Language'
H&/#&)/"1B'E54-0&*'NdB'OeN_ NN,Oe'XM
Unlock document

This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document.
Unlock all 12 pages and 3 million more documents.

Already have an account? Log in

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers
Class+
$8 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Class+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
30 Verified Answers

Related Documents