BCHM 316 Chapter Notes - Chapter 10 gt: Glycosphingolipid, Sphingolipid, Plasmalogen
2 May 2018
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Chapter 10 glossary terms
Fatty acid (361): long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acid in natural fats and oils; also a component
of membrane phospholipids and glycolipids.
Polyunsaturated fatty acid (363): a fatty acid with more than one double bond, generally
nonconjugated.
Triacylglycerol (364): An ester of glycerol with three molecules of fatty acid; also called
triglyceride or neutral fat.
Lipases (364): enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols.
Phospholipid (367): A lipid containing one or more phosphate groups.
Glycolipid (367): A lipid containing a carbohydrate group.
Glycerophospholipid (367): Amphipathic lipid with a glycerol backbone. Fatty acids are ester-
linked to C-1 and C-2 of the glycerol. A polar alcohol is attached through a phosphodiester
linkage to C-3.
Plasmalogen (369): (380):a phospholipid with an alkenyl ether substituent on C-1 of glycerol.
Sphingolipid and glycosphingolipid = same thing?
Sphingolipid (370): an amphipathic lipid with a sphingosine backbone to which are attached a
long-chain fatty acid and a polar alcohol.
Glycosphingolipid (370): An amphipathic lipid with a sphingosine backbone to which are
attached a long-chain fatty acid and a polar alcohol.
Cerebroside (370): A sphingolipid containing one sugar residue as a head group.
Ganglioside (370): A sphingolipid. Head group = complex oligosaccharide. Common in nervous
tissue.
Sterol (372): lipid containing the steroid nucleus
Prostaglandin (PG) (375): A class of polyunsaturated, cyclic, eicosanoid lipids that act as
paracrine hormones.
Thromboxane (TX) (375): Any of a class of eicosanoid lipids with a six-membered ether-
containing ring; involved in platelet aggregation during blood clotting.
Leukotriene (LT) (376): any of a class of noncyclic eicosanoid signaling lipids with three
conjugated double bonds. They mediate inflammatory responses, including smooth muscle
activity.
Lipoxin (LX) (376): one of a class of hydroxylated linear derivatives of arachidonate that act as
potent anti-inflammatory agents.
Vitamin (377): organic substance required in small quantities of diet in some species; generally
functions as a component of a coenzyme.
Tocopherol (378): any of several forms of vitamin E.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Fatty acid (361): long-chain aliphatic carboxylic acid in natural fats and oils; also a component of membrane phospholipids and glycolipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acid (363): a fatty acid with more than one double bond, generally nonconjugated. Triacylglycerol (364): an ester of glycerol with three molecules of fatty acid; also called triglyceride or neutral fat. Lipases (364): enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols. Phospholipid (367): a lipid containing one or more phosphate groups. Glycolipid (367): a lipid containing a carbohydrate group. Glycerophospholipid (367): amphipathic lipid with a glycerol backbone. Fatty acids are ester- linked to c-1 and c-2 of the glycerol. A polar alcohol is attached through a phosphodiester linkage to c-3. Plasmalogen (369): (380):a phospholipid with an alkenyl ether substituent on c-1 of glycerol. Sphingolipid (370): an amphipathic lipid with a sphingosine backbone to which are attached a long-chain fatty acid and a polar alcohol.
