PSYC 1020H Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Clinical Psychology, Psychometrics, American Psychological Association
6 Dec 2016
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Psychology become an independent discipline when william wundt established the first psychological research laboratory in 1879 in leipzig, germany. He defined psychology as the scientific study of consciousness. New discipline grew rapidly in north america in the late 19th century, as illustrated by g. Hall established americas first research lab is psychology and founded the american. The structuralists, led by edward titchener, believed that psychology should use introspection to analyze consciousness into its basic elements. The functionalists, inspired by the ideas of william james, believed the psychology should focus on the purpose and adaptive functions of consciousness. Functionalism paved the way for behaviourism and applied psychology. Behaviourists, led by john b. watson, argues that psychology should study only observable behaviours. Thus, they campaigned the redefine psychology as the science of behaviour. Emphasizing the importance of environment over heredity, the behaviourists began to explore stimulus- response relationships, often using laboratory animals as subjects.
