PSYC 2500H Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Gamete, Amniocentesis, Genetic Counseling
29 Mar 2017
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Conception (moment of fertilization when a sperm penetrates an ovum, forming a zygote) Zygote (single cell formed at conception from union of sperm and ovum) Contains 46 chromosomes, each of which consist of thousands of genes. Chromosomes come are made up of 23 pairs. Genes are stretches of dna & provide the chemical basis for dev. Zygote moves through fallopian tube toward its prenatal home in the uterus, begins to replicate self through process of mitosis (process in which cell duplicates its chromosomes & then divides into 2 genetically identical daughter cells) 22 of the pairs of chromosomes (autosomes) are similar in both genders. Sex is determined by the 23rd pair (sex chromosome) Sex is determined by whether an x-bearing or y-bearing sperm fertilizes the ovum. The human genome project is an effort to map all of the human genes. Done to better diagnose, treat and prevent disease.
