BIOL108 Chapter Notes - Chapter 28: Symbiogenesis, Tsetse Fly, Red Algae

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Biology (Biological Sciences)
• Course: BIOL108
• Professor: Cynthia Friedman

Document Summary

The domain eukarya has 4 supergroups: protists, animals, plants, and fungi. In multicellular organisms, biological functions are carried out by organs. In unicellular organisms, biological functions are carried out by subcellular organelles. Some are photoautotrophs, some are heterotrophs, and other are mixotrophs who combine photosynthesis and heterotrophic nutrition. Some protists reproduce asexually, others sexually, and some employ meiosis and fertilization. Protists were under the kingdom protista in the past, but that kingdom crumbled because certain protists were closer to animals, plants, and fungi than they were to other protists. Oxygenic photosynthesis first appeared in cyanobacteria, and their function was transferred to the first eukaryotic cell, as described by the endosymbiont theory. The formation of a chloroplast (more generally known as a plastid) from an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium is known as primary endosymbiosis. This newly created photosynthetic eukaryote diverged into the archaeplastida, a group that includes land plants, red and green algae.