CHEM103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Electric Field, Systematic Chaos, Acetaldehyde

• School: University of Alberta
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM103
• Professor: John Veinot

Document Summary

Chapter 12 intermolecular forces: liquids, solids, and phase changes. Bonding (intramolecular) forces are due to the attraction b/w cations and anions (ionic bonding), nuclei and e- pairs (covalent bonding), or metal cations and delocalized e-s (metallic bonding). But the physical nature of the phases and their changes are due primarily to intermolecular (non-bonding) forces, which arise from attraction b/w molecules w/ partial charges or b/w ions and molecules. Coulomb"s law explains the relative strength of these forces: Bonding forces are relatively strong b/c larger charges are closer together. Intermolecular forces are relatively weak b/c smaller charges are farther apart. The shorter distance bond length is b/w. Longer distance is b/w two nonbonded cl atoms in adjacent molecules van der waals (vdw) distance. At this distance, intermolecular attractions balance electron-cloud repulsions; thus the vdw distance is as close as one cl2 molecule can approach another. Vdw radius is one-half the closest distance b/w nuclei of identical nonbonded atoms.