PSYCO105 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Null Hypothesis, Metacognition, Confirmation Bias
6 Sep 2016
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Thoughts exist as patterns of neural activity. Propositional thought - verbal: what we say/hear in our minds. o. Imaginal thought - images we can see, hear, feel. Motoric thought - mental representations of motor movements: eg. Concepts - basic units of semantic memory - mental categories into which we place objects, activities, abstractions and events that have essential features in common. o o. Requires us to know similarities/differences among objects: varies among people since it could be based on experience not just definition alone. Based not on formal rules but on internal representations of our world combined with knowledge: deductive reasoning -syllogism. Top down (general principle -> conclusion about case) Begin with premises (facts) and see what they imply about specific situations. Strongest/most valid form of reasoning bc conclusion cannot be false if premises are true. Bottom up (specific facts -> develop general principle) Conclusions lead to likelihood rather than certainty. o.
