BIOL 1050 Chapter Notes - Chapter 26: Carl Linnaeus, Binomial Nomenclature, Phylogenetic Tree
2 May 2019
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Concept 26. 1 (584-586) phylogenesis: the evolutionary development and diversi cation of a species or group of organisms or of a particular feature of an organism taxonomy: how organisms are named and classi ed. Carolus linnaeus father of modern taxonomy (18th century) Rst part of binomial = genus (pl. genera) Second part=speci c epithet=unique for each species within genus ex) castor canadensis. As well as naming species linnaeus grouped them into a hierarchy of increasingly inclusive categories. Taxon: taxonomic unit at any level of hierarchy. **taxa broader than genus are capitalized but not italicized. Phylogenetic tree (branching diagram) can be used to show the evolutionary history of a group of organisms. Relationships are depicted as a series of dichotomies or two way branch points. **each branch point represents the divergence of two evolutionary lineages from a common ancestor. Sister taxa:groups of organisms that share an immediate common ancestor (hence are each others closest relatives)
