PSYC 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.2: Confirmation Bias, Nucleus Accumbens, Orbitofrontal Cortex
16 Mar 2017
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People tend to repeat actions that previously led to positive or rewarding outcomes: operant conditioning is a type of learning in which behaviour is influenced by consequences. Operant-individual operates on the environment before consequences can occur. Classical conditioning typically affects reflexive responses and operant conditioning involves voluntary actions. In classical conditioning, a response is not required for a reward (or us) to be presented. Contingency means that a consequence depends on an action. Reinforcement is a process in which an event or reward that follows a response increases the likelihood of that response occurring again. The law of effect is the idea that responses followed by satisfaction will occur again and responses that are not followed by satisfaction become less likely. Skinner box (operant chambers) include a lever or key that the subject can manipulate and pushing the lever may result in a reinforcer such as food.
