CHEM 2360 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Signal Transduction, Biomolecule, Chemical Polarity
28 Nov 2017
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Ele(cid:272)t(cid:396)o(cid:374)egati(cid:448)ity: (cid:373)easu(cid:396)e of ato(cid:373)"s a(cid:271)ility to att(cid:396)a(cid:272)t e- to itself. More electronegative = increased ability to strip e- from another atom: biomolecule reactivity found in functional groups. Reactivity found in the bond not being shared equally => partial charges on atoms = increased electronegativity: biochemical transformations, group transfer, redox, rearrangement, cleavage (always uses water as a reactant, condensation (always produces water, water. O is more electronegative than h creating permanent dipole moment. In water, h-bonds continually broken and reformed (loosely interconnected network) with h shared in electrostatic interactions but in ice there is a largely rigid matrix. H-bond: electrostatic and covalent attraction between polarized molecules containing o-h, n-h or f-h (weak bonds) High melting point and boiling point due to h-bonding. H-bonds strongest when linear but weak compared to covalent bonds. Not just present in water, which is why it is able to dissolve polar and charged molecules ie. hydrophilic molecules: enthalpy and entropy in h2o.
