AFM202 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Canada Pension Plan, Accrual, Tax

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cyanbat359

16 Oct 2016

School

University of Waterloo

Department

Accounting & Financial Management

Course

AFM202

Professor

Linda Robinson

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Document Summary

Chapter 4 business and property income, tax depreciation, and capital gains (individuals) Income from business or property is profit from the business/property. Expenditures incurred to earn income is deductible (with some exceptions), some not deductible, others amortized and written off. Accrual accounting is used for both revenue and expenses (even if not earned/paid) Typically no consequence for borrowing money (no additional income) but interest may be an expenses deductible. General rules: expenditure is likely deductible if it was incurred to earn income, current expenditures are deductible in that year, capital expenditures are deductible overtime. Leases are not capitalized, thus, deductible in that year if it was incurred to earn income. Business income activities carried out to earn a profit (hobbies, such as collecting stamps, is not a business) Income earned from owning assets (includes intangible assets and rights to acquire assets) (ex. Capital gains and capital losses are excluded (and so are expenses incurred to earn capital gains)

Related Questions

It is now late May 2018 and you, CPA, have just finished meetingwith your partner, Ms. Wong. Ms. Wong wants your help with someclients of hers.

One client, Garden Supplies Co. (GSC) has had a new shareholderbuy shares. Ms. Wong wants you to tell her if GSC is a resident ofCanada for tax purposes in 2018 and describe the personal taxconsequences that Mrs. Gardiner will have from her 2018 share sale.You can ignore the acquisition of control rules. Also, given thelist of GSCâs 2018 expenditures in Exhibit I, calculate the total2018 expenses that are deductible in 2018 when computing net incomefor tax purposes. GSC is very profitable and wants to claim themaximum amount of deductions possible. You do not need to commenton non-deductible items.

Note: Additional information about GSC is provided in ExhibitI.

Another client, Mr. Rich, who is a non-resident of Canada, hasjust purchased a newly built townhouse in Canada for $1,500,000that he plans to rent out. The home was purchased on May 1, 2018and will be rented out starting on July 1, 2018. What Canadianincome tax obligations will Mr. Rich face in 2018? If you have anyrecommendations that will reduce Mr. Richâs Canadian income taxobligations (in 2018 or in future years) with respect to his rentalproperty, then you should provide them. Additional informationabout Mr. Rich is provided in Exhibit II.

Ms. Wong wants you to draft a memo to her answering herquestions. She says you can ignore provincial income taxes, ignoreforeign taxes and ignore any income tax treaties. Explain youranswers, show all your detailed calculations and give IncomeTax Act (ITA) section, subsection and paragraph (whereapplicable) references and Income Tax Regulations sectionand subsection references in order to support your answers. Whengiving references you must be specific. Do not just list multiplereferences!

Exhibit I

Garden Supplies Co.

Garden Supplies Co (GSC) is a private company that wasincorporated in Canada in 1963 by Mr. Taft. Mr. Taft subscribed for1,000 common shares in return for $100 (in aggregate). GSC does nothave any other shares outstanding

GSC has a December 31^st year-end and its board ofdirectors meetings are typically held in the United States(U.S.)

GSC operates gardening supply stores in Canada and it startedwith one store in Toronto in 1963. Now it has 10 stores throughoutCanada

In 2005, Mr. Taft sold his shares to Mrs. Gardiner for $1M inaggregate (which was their FMV at the time)

In late January 2018, Mrs. Gardiner sold 600 of her GSC commonshares for $3,000 per share to Marcus Jones, an armâs length person(she still owns 400 common shares of GSC)

In January 2018, Mrs. Gardiner paid $3,500 to a charteredbusiness valuator to value her GSC shares and paid $2,500 in legalfees related to her sale of GSC shares

The FMV of GSC was determined to be $3M

Mrs. Gardiner incurred $300 of safety deposit box rental fees in2018 and she keeps her GSC share certificates in her safety depositbox

Assume GSC is not a qualified small business corporation

Marcus Jones is a non-resident of Canada

In 2018 GSC incurred the following expenditures:

Income taxes paid of $124,500

Salary and wages expense paid of $390,000

In addition, GSC accrued a bonus payable to Mrs. Gardiner of$70,000 for work performed in 2018. This bonus will not be paiduntil May 31, 2019

Interest expense paid of $5,000 on a bank loan used to financebusiness operations

Dividends paid to shareholders of $55,000

Warranty expense accrued of $25,000 (based on estimated warrantycosts). The actual cost in 2018 of servicing warranties was$20,000

Purchased new shelving units to display merchandise on April 1,2018 for $200,000

Purchased new computer software for $3,000 on January 1,2018

Purchased goodwill for $40,000 as part of a business acquisitionon January 1, 2018

Purchased a patent, with an 18-year legal life remaining onDecember 31, 2018 for $10,000

Accrued office supply expenses of $12,000, for suppliespurchased (and used) in late 2018. Payment of this account payablewas made in early 2019

Paid $7,000 for Toronto Blue Jays (baseball) tickets used totake large customers out to games

Incurred $4,000 of legal fees related to obtaining bankfinancing, and

Incurred lobbying expenses of $1,300 for matters related to thebusiness

Assume all expenditures are reasonable unless otherwiseindicated

Assume the prescribed interest rate is 1% at all times

Exhibit II

Mr. Rich

Mr. Richâs rental income is property income; i.e., he is notrunning a business

Mr. Rich wants to minimize his Canadian rental income and hedoes not have any other Canadian income

Mr. Rich has prepared the following (assume that all theexpenses below are paid in 2018 and are reasonable):

Mr. Richâs Canadian Rental Income

For the year-ended December 31, 2018

Gross rental revenue ($4,000 permonth) $24,000

Mortgage interest ($2,200 permonth) $13,200

Property taxes ($610 permonth) $3,660

Maintenance and repairs ($500 permonth) $3,000

Insurance ($200 permonth) $1,200

Total expenses $21,060

Netincome $2,940

coffeealpaca338

1.Which of the following statements about conversion of income is correct?

converting ordinary income into capital gain is a beneficial tax planning strategy

converting capital gain income into ordinary income is a beneficial tax planning strategy

converting qualifying dividends into interest income is a beneficial tax planning strategy

holding assets that will generate a capital gain inside a retirement plan is a beneficial tax planning strategy

2. Which of the following statements is NOT a true statement regarding long-term capital assets?

capital assets that are held for more than one year are treated as long-term

no distinction is made between capital losses and ordinary losses

with few exceptions, the maximum capital gains tax rate is 15%

the benefit of holding a capital asset long enough to garner long-term capital gain treatment must be weighed against the financial risk associated with a possible decline in value during the holding period

3. Which of the following statements about the taxation of dividends is correct?

all dividends are taxed at the same rate as applicable to capital gains

dividends paid by credit unions and mutual insurance companies qualify for the lower tax rate

qualifying dividends are taxed at a maximum 15% rate

d. there is no tax benefit to changing some of an individual's funds from a lower-yielding fixed income investment into a dividend-paying stock

4. Which of the following is an advantage of making an IRC Section 83(b) election with respect to restricted stock?

an 83(b) election can be made any time within the tax year of the transfer of shares from the company to the employee

if the stock is forfeited, the compensation recognized and the taxes paid are deductible as losses

any future appreciation would be taxed as capital gain instead of taxable compensation

d. the employee does not receive any cash at the time of the stock award to pay the tax on the compensation recognized under the election

5.The maximum alternative minimum tax rate for individuals is:

less than the maximum regular federal income tax rate for individuals

equal to the maximum regular federal income tax rate for individuals

greater than the maximum regular federal income tax rate for individuals

d. going to decrease each year by 1% until it reaches 20% in 2010

6. How is alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI) for individuals computed?

AMTI = taxable income + adjustments + preferences - exemptions

AMTI = taxable income - adjustments + preferences - exemptions

AMTI = taxable income +/- adjustments + preferences - exemption

d. AMTI = taxable income +/- adjustments - preferences - exemptions

7. Which of the following statements regarding the calculation of alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI) for corporations versus the calculation of AMTI for individuals is accurate?

	a.	AMTI is calculated the same for both corporations and individuals
	b.	an additional step is required for corporations based on their adjusted current earnings
	c.	the exemption amount for corporations is not subject to phaseout to phaseout while the exemption amounts for individuals are
	d.	thethere is no adjustments to taxable income for corporations, only preferences

home / study / business / accounting / accounting questions andanswers / Carol Is A Single Mother Who Owns A Wholesale Auto PartsDistributorship. The Business Is Organized ... Question: Carol is asingle mother who owns a wholesale auto parts distributorship. Thebusiness is organiz... Carol is a single mother who owns awholesale auto parts distributorship. The business is organized asa sole proprietorship. Her business has advanced, and she can nolonger devote the time necessary to do her own tax return. Becauseshe always has prepared her own return, Carol is familiar with mosttax rules applicable to her business and personal affairs. However,she has come to you for advice with respect to a number of itemsshe paid during the current year. You are to determine whether shecan take a deduction for the expenditures in the current year. A,Carol purchased a small building on March 2 to use as a warehousefor her auto parts inventory. To purchase the building, sheborrowed $180,000 on a 30-year loan and paid $20,000 in additionalcash. Carol also incurred $3,200 in legal and other fees topurchase the building. The bank charged her $3,600 in points(prepaid interest) to obtain the loan. After acquiring thebuilding, Carol spent an additional $25,000 to renovate it for useas a warehouse. The $25,000 included $8,000 for painting. B, Carolhad her office building painted at a cost of $14,000 and paid$6,000 to have it landscaped. She paid for the building renovationin part a and the office building work by borrowing $60,000 onApril 1 at 7% interest. (See part f for details of the interestpayments.) C, On April 1, Carol prepaid a 1-year fire insurancepolicy on her 2 buildings. The policy cost $1,500, and the insurerrequired the prepayment. On September 1, Carol prepaid a $5,000,2-year maintenance contract on the buildings. D, Carol started aself-insured medical reimbursement plan for her employees thisyear. Based on actuarial assumptions, she deposited $13,500 in afund to pay employeesâ medical expenses. Actual payments from thefund totaled $11,200. E, Carol purchased a new automobile costing$32,000. She can document that her business use of the automobilecame to 90% and that her out-of-pocket operating costs totaled$3,600. F, Carol paid the following interest on business-relatedloans: Warehouse $15,300 Office building 4,000 Renovation loan5,400 The renovation loan was for $60,000. Because she spent only$45,000 renovating the new building and painting and landscapingthe old one, she used the additional $15,000 to purchase city ofSeattle bonds with a yield of 6%. G, Carol became active inpolitics and contributed $1,000 to the presidential campaign of anindependent candidate. She made the contribution because shebelieved that, if elected, the candidate would institute policiesbeneficial to her business. The candidate lost the election andimmediately started a grassroots lobbying organization. The purposeof the organization is to keep track of elected officialsâ campaignpromises and report to the public when they vote contrary to theirstated campaign promises. Carol paid $1,600 in dues to join thelobbying organization. H, Carolâs oldest son began college duringthe current year. She paid his tuition and living expenses, a totalof $13,300, out of the companyâs checking account. During thesummer, her son worked for the business, and Carol paid him $4,300,the same amount she paid other college students working during thesummer. Because she consults her son from time to time on theoperation of the business, she thinks that at least some of the$13,300 should be deductible. I, Carol has always itemized herdeductions. This year, her mother and father retired and could nolonger afford the mortgage interest and property taxes on theirhome. Rather than have them sell the house, Carol made the paymentsfor them. They received a statement from their bank indicating thata total of $8,125 in mortgage interest and taxes were paid in thecurrent year. Carol knows that mortgage interest and property taxesare deductible as itemized deductions and would like to add them toher personal interest and property tax payments. J, Because of thesuccess of her business, Carol has received many offers to investin various business ventures. One offer was to establish a chain ofnursing homes in Florida. Carol spent two weeks in Floridaevaluating the prospects of the proposed venture and incurred costsof $2,100. After careful consideration, she decided the venture wastoo risky and decided not to expand into the health-carebusiness.

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AFM202 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Canada Pension Plan, Accrual, Tax

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