BIOL240 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Conformational Change, Hydrogenosome, Exocytosis
Document Summary
Look very similar to bacteria: distinction made through sequencing rrna, found in extreme and normal environments, most abundant microorganisms, no pathogenic archaea. Mathanogens: produce methane, only done by archaea. Inhabit extreme environments: high salinity, extreme temperature, extreme ph size and shape, 0. 5 5 microns in diameter (like bacteria, rod, cocci, spiral shaped (like bacteria, some can be pleiomorphic/irregular. Features common with bacteria: cytoplasmic molecules (m/trna, ribosomes, dna) Inculsion bodies (gas vacuoles, vesicles: not made of the same protein matric but have the same function, single, circular chromosome, no membrane bound nucleus (has nucleoid instead) Features common with eukaryotes: rna polymerase, histone proteins, eukaryotes form octamer of dna around proteins but archaea form tetramer, nucleosomes. Cytoskeleton: can be similar to both bacteria and archaea. Cytoplasmic membrane: bilayers with different molecular arrangement than bacteria and eukaryotes. Phytanyl chains made of 4 repeating isoprene units (20 c)
