KIN217 Chapter Notes - Chapter 17: Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate, Cardiac Muscle, Insulin
15 Oct 2016
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Gluconeogenesis synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors. Especially important during longer period of fasting or starvation. Major site of gluconeogenesis is the liver; small amount also takes place in kidney. Little takes place in brain, skeletal muscle, heart muscle. Gluconeogenesis in liver/kidney helps to maintain glucose level in the blood, from which it can be extracted by the brain and muscle to meet their metabolic demands. 17. 1 glucose can be synthesized from non-carbohydrate precursors. Non-carbohydrate precursors of glucose are first converted into pyruvate or enter the pathway at later intermediates. Lactate is formed via lactic acid fermentation when rate of glycolysis exceeds rate at which muscle can process pyruvate aerobically. Lactate is readily converted into pyruvate in liver via lactate dehydrogenase. Aas are derived from proteins in the diet and during starvation from the breakdown of proteins in the skeletal muscle. Hydrolysis of tags yields glycerol and fas.
