BIOL 112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7.2-7.5: Chemiosmosis, Cell Membrane, Atp Synthase

25 views4 pages

redfox265

21 Nov 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

jakbfousda and 39238 others unlocked

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

Verified Note

59 documents

Document Summary

Glycolysis is actually a series of ten chemical reactions. Glucose: a six-carbon sugar, the most common fuel molecule in animals, plants, microbes. Glucose is now too big to leave the cell. Because two atp molecules are used up in the first stage, the net gain out of this reaction is three carbon molecules. Although glycolysis occurs in all living organisms, it does not produce a lot of energy different way. In bacteria, this process occurs in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotes, this process occurs in the mitochondria. Week 12, readings 3-5 (unit 3: the part of the pyruvate that was not oxidized is an acetyl group (coch3), which still contains a fair amount of energy. It is then connected to coenzyme a to form acetyl-coa (substrate of the first step of the next phase) Overall, one pyruvate yields: 1 molecule of co2, 1 molecule of nadh, 1 molecule acetyl-coa.

Related Questions

The pentose phosphate pathway, an alternative to glycolysis, is used to catabolize five carbon sugars. One ATP molecule and 12 NADPH molecules are produced from one glucose molecule. Glycolysis is the most common pathway for the oxidation of glucose. Two pryuvic acid molecules are the end product. There is a net gain of two ATP molecules and two NADH molecules per molecule of glucose oxidized through glycolysis.

Pyruvic acid loses one carboxyl group, and CO2 is a byproduct, during the transition step. Two carbon acetyl groups are oxidized in the Krebs cycle. Electrons are picked up by NAD+ and FAD for the electron transport system.

5. How does aerobic and anaerobic respiration differ?

6. Hemophilus influenzae requires hemin (X factor) to synthesize cytochromes and NAD+(V factor) from other cells. For what part of cellular respiration are the X and V factors essential?

7. Suppose an individual has mitochondria that leak cytochromes, what effect might this dysfunction have on the ability of the cell to function? Why?

brownkoala747

QUESTION 1

Which of the following is the correct order of the three stages of cellular respiration?

	a.	Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport
	b.	electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle
	c.	Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis
	d.	glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport
	e.	electron transport, Krebs cycle, glycolysis

1 points

QUESTION 2

Consider a bacterial cell that performs anaerobic respiration. If that bacterial cell had access to six molecules of glucose to use, how many ATP molecules would it be able to produce?

	a.	2
	b.	34
	c.	36
	d.	6
	e.	12

1 points

QUESTION 3

The oxygen that organisms need to live is used exclusively in which of the following metabolic pathways?

	a.	Electron transport chain
	b.	Anaerobic respiration
	c.	Glycolysis
	d.	Krebs cycle
	e.	ATP-Synthase

1 points

QUESTION 4

The electron transport chain uses the energy in NADH and FADH₂ to pump H⁺ ions from the matrix to the innermembrane space. The H⁺ gradient is then used to power ATP-Synthase. Enough H⁺ is pumped from the energy in a molecule of NADH to produce ______ ATP molecules, while enough H⁺ is pumped from the energy in a FADH₂ molecule to produce ______ ATP molecules.

	a.	three; two
	b.	three; three
	c.	two; two
	d.	two; three

1 points

QUESTION 5

Which of the following list contains only products of cellular respiration?

	a.	glucose, oxygen, ADP
	b.	ATP, carbon dioxide
	c.	oxygen, ADP, carbon dioxide
	d.	ATP, glucose, oxygen
	e.	glucose, ATP

1 points

QUESTION 6

What powers the enzyme ATP-Synthase?

	a.	NADH molecules
	b.	oxygen (O₂)
	c.	ATP
	d.	NADH and FADH₂ molecules
	e.	The H⁺ gradient between the matrix and inner-membrane space

1 points

QUESTION 7

Organisms exist which are able to survive using only glycolysis (i.e. without using oxidative phosphorylation).

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 8

Each ADP molecule contains ________ phosphates, and each ATP molecule contains ________ phosphates.

	a.	three; three
	b.	two; two
	c.	one; two
	d.	two; three
	e.	one; three

1 points

QUESTION 9

Adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP is an endergonic reaction.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The majority of ATP produced during cellular respiration is produced during glycolysis.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 11

Glycolysis occurs:

	a.	on enzymes located in the inner-membrane.
	b.	in the cytosol.
	c.	in the inner-membrane space.
	d.	in the nucleus of the cell.
	e.	in the matrix of mitochondria.

1 points

QUESTION 12

Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is due to:

	a.	the production of alcohol during anaerobic respiration.
	b.	a buildup of lactic acid.
	c.	an excessive amount of ATP that builds up during exercise.
	d.	the large amounts of CO₂ building up in the muscle.

1 points

QUESTION 13

A required reactant for glycolysis is:

	a.	the electron transport chain.
	b.	carbon dioxide.
	c.	oxygen.
	d.	NAD+.
	e.	mitochondria.

1 points

QUESTION 14

NADH is produced in all of the following except:

	a.	the electron transport chain.
	b.	the Krebs cycle.
	c.	glycolysis.

Question 1 Organisms exist which are able to survive using only glycolysis (i.e. without using oxidative phosphorylation).
True
False

Question 2 Glycolysis occurs:
a. in the matrix of mitochondria.
b. in the inner-membrane space.
c. in the cytosol.
d. in the nucleus of the cell.
e. on enzymes located in the inner-membrane.

Question 3 Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is due to:
a. the large amounts of CO2 building up in the muscle.
b. an excessive amount of ATP that builds up during exercise.
c. a buildup of lactic acid.
d. the production of alcohol during anaerobic respiration.

Question 4 Each ADP molecule contains ________ phosphates, and each ATP molecule contains ________ phosphates.
a. two; three
b. two; two
c. three; three
d. one; three
e. one; two

Question 5 The oxygen that organisms need to live is used exclusively in which of the following metabolic pathways?
a. Glycolysis
b. Electron transport chain
c. Krebs cycle
d. Anaerobic respiration
e. ATP-Synthase

Question 6 NADH is produced in all of the following except:
a. the electron transport chain.
b. glycolysis.
c. the Krebs cycle.

Question 7 Consider a bacterial cell that performs anaerobic respiration. If that bacterial cell had access to six molecules of glucose to use, how many ATP molecules would it be able to produce?
a. 36
b. 6
c. 12
d. 34
e. 2

Question 8 The majority of ATP produced during cellular respiration is produced during glycolysis.
True
False

Question 9 What powers the enzyme ATP-Synthase?
a. The H+ gradient between the matrix and inner-membrane space
b. ATP
c. oxygen (O2)
d. NADH molecules
e. NADH and FADH2 molecules

Question 10 Which of the following list contains only products of cellular respiration?
a. ATP, glucose, oxygen
b. ATP, carbon dioxide
c. oxygen, ADP, carbon dioxide
d. glucose, ATP
e. glucose, oxygen, ADP

Question 11 Adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP is an endergonic reaction. True False

Question 12 The electron transport chain uses the energy in NADH and FADH2 to pump H+ ions from the matrix to the innermembrane space. The H+ gradient is then used to power ATP-Synthase. Enough H+ is pumped from the energy in a molecule of NADH to produce ______ ATP molecules, while enough H+ is pumped from the energy in a FADH2 molecule to produce ______ ATP molecules.
a. two; three
b. three; three
c. three; two
d. two; two

Question 13 Which of the following is the correct order of the three stages of cellular respiration?
a. glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport
b. Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis
c. electron transport, Krebs cycle, glycolysis
d. electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle
e. Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport

Question 14 A required reactant for glycolysis is:
a. carbon dioxide.
b. mitochondria.
c. NAD+.
d. the electron transport chain.
e. oxygen.

maroonguinea-pig450

BIOL 112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7.2-7.5: Chemiosmosis, Cell Membrane, Atp Synthase

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIOL 112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Glycolysis, Pyruvic Acid

BIOL 112 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7.2: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Endergonic Reaction, Pyruvic Acid

BIOL 112 Study Guide - Final Guide: Acetyl-Coa, Pyruvic Acid, Glycolysis

Related Questions