BIOL 1010U Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Kinetochore, Ploidy, Dynein

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salmoncrab283

6 Nov 2017

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Biology chapter 11 textbook notes cell division and cell cycle. Telophase nuclear membranes reappear around 2 sets of chromosomes. A cell is duplicated every 24 hours for eukaryotic cells. G1 first growth stage of interphase cell grows nearly to its size, S (synthesis phase) dna in nucleus is replicated. G2 (gap) cell is finished growing, 2 centrosomes appear in cytoplasm. 80 minutes time period for interphase for eukaryotic cells. Prophase condensation process, microtubules appear from centrosomes in animals , nucleolus disappears. Prometaphase nuclear membrane is broken down, spindle fibres are growing from centrosomes, Metaphase sister chromatids align across center chromatids, now, they are ready to be separated. Anaphase ana means (cid:498)back(cid:499) shortening of microtubules, poles of cell move apart, separation of sister chromatids. Telophase final stage, components of new cells appear, spindle fibers are broken up, new nuclear membrane, chromosomes uncoil and return to uncondensed state, little crease forms between the cells (cleavage)

Related Questions

Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

Which of the following is correctly matched?

		Prophase I - Nuclear envelope reforms,nucleolus reappears, spindle apparatus disappears
		Metaphase II - Homologous chromosomes align atthe equator (center) of the cell forming tetrads
		Anaphase II - Sister chromatids are pulled toopposite poles of the cell by contraction of spindle apparatusmicrotubules
		Cytokinesis - Division of the nucleus
		Telophase I - Nuclear envelope fragments,nucleolus disappears, spindle apparatus forms