ANP 1107 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Adipose Tissue, Exocytosis, Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue
27 Jan 2018
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The digestive system physiology of digestion and absorption ch 23. Chemical digestion = catabolism; breakdown of food into subunits (monomers) which can be absorbed. Involves chemical reaction of hydrolysis add water molecule to each molecular bond to break it. Carbohydrates (200-600 g/day: monomers = monosaccharides absorbed directly in the small intestine, major dietary monosaccharides glucose, fructose, galactose (same chemical composition, therefore isomers, most digestible dietary carbohydrates in form of starch (complex carbohydrate) Starch is common carbohydrate storage form in plants. Cellulose is a pla(cid:374)t polysa(cid:272)(cid:272)haride (cid:894)glu(cid:272)ose poly(cid:373)er(cid:895) that (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t (cid:271)e digested, pro(cid:448)ides fi(cid:271)re. Digestion of carbohydrates: beings in mouth with salivary amylase in saliva splits oligosaccharides (~3-8 monomers) into smaller fragments of glucose molecules; optimal ph is 6. 75-7. Starch digestion continues until amylase is inactivated by somach acid digested by pepsin. Car(cid:271)ohydrates that are(cid:374)"t digested (cid:271)y sali(cid:448)ary a(cid:373)ylase are digested (cid:271)y pancreatic amylase in the small intestine reduce most starch to maltose.
