ECO 1104 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Demand Curve, Inferior Good, Normal Good

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Measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions. To measure how much consumers respond to changes in these price, income, price of complement and substitute. Ration of percentage change in two variabes. Price elasticity of demand: measures how much the quantity demanded responds to a change in price. Price elasticity of demand = percentage change in quantity demanded. Elastic: if the demand responds substantially to changes in the price. Inelastic: if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in price. Because consumers switch to the other good if it gets too expensive. Because it is easier to find substitutes. Goods have more elasticity over longer time horizons. Price elasticity of demand= (q2-q1)/[(q2+q1)/2] => midpoint % change in quantity (p2-p1)/[(p2+p1)/2] => midpoint% change in price. Total revenue: the amount paid by buyers and received by sellers of a good, computed as the price of the good times the quantity sold.

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Discussion #1

The law of demand states that a fall in the price of a good raises the quantity demanded, and the increase in price leads to a decrease in quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of the quantity demanded to a change in price. Demand for a good is said to be elastic if the quantity demanded responds substantially to changes in the price, and the percentage change in quantity demanded is greater than the percentage change in price. Demand is said to be inelastic if the quantity demanded responds only slightly to changes in the price, which indicates that the percentage in price is greater than the percentage in quantity demanded.

However, the extent of responsiveness of quantity demanded to a change in price depends on the nature of a particular good or service in the market. The price elasticity of demand partly depends on the availability of close substitutes. When a large number of substitutes are available, consumers respond to a higher price of a good by buying more of the substitute goods and less of the relatively more expensive good. In addition, goods or services that are considered necessities tend to have less elastic (more inelastic) demand, whereas goods or services that are considered luxuries have more elastic (less inelastic) demands.

Explain why the demand for the good or service provided by the organization you work for is elastic or inelastic. How does this influence pricing decisions?
Provide examples on how the availability of close substitutes affects price elasticity of demand.
Give specific examples of necessities or luxuries, and explain how they affect price elasticity of goods or services.

Please answer ALL bulletins and place the answers under the correct bulletin.

interval (or arc) elasticity

cross-price elasticity

price elasticity of demand

elastic demand

income elasticity

inelastic demand

inframarginal units

marginal revenue

point elasticity

price effect

quantity effect

total revenue

unitary elastic demand

1. __________________ A measure of consumersâ sensitivity or responsiveness to changes in the price of a good or service.

2. ___________________ When the percentage change in price (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value).

3. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is more than the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

4. ___________________ When the percentage change in quantity demanded (in absolute value) is just equal to the percentage change in price (in absolute value).

5. ___________________ Total amount paid to a producer for a good or service P * Q.

6. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in price, holding quantity constant.

7. ___________________ The effect on total revenue of a change in quantity, holding price constant.

8. ___________________ An elasticity calculated over an interval of a demand curve or demand schedule.

9. ___________________ Elasticity at a specific price or point on a demand curve.

10. ___________________ A measure of how responsive quantity demanded is to a change in income, all other things constant.

11. ___________________ A measure showing how responsive the quantity demanded of one good is to changes in the price of another good, other factors constant.

12. ___________________ The additional revenue received by producing and selling one more unit of output.

13. ___________________ Units of output that could have been sold at a higher price had the firm not lowered its price to sell additional (marginal) units.

coffeehornet269

1. The concept of price elasticity of demand measures:

a. the slope of the demand curve.

b. the number of buyers in a market.

c. the extent to which the demand curve shifts as the result of a price decline.

d. the sensitiveness of quantities demanded to price changes.

2. When the percentage change in price is less than the resulting percentage change in quantity demanded:

a. demand is elastic.

b. demand is inelastic.

c. demand is unit elastic.

d. none of the above.

3. The elasticity of demand:

a. will be the same at each price-quantity combination on a stable demand curve.

b. tends to be elastic in high-price ranges and inelastic in low-price ranges.

c. tends to be inelastic in high-price ranges and elastic in low-price ranges.

d. is infinitely large for a perfectly inelastic demand curve.

4. Suppose that as the price of Y falls from $2.00 to $1.80 the quantity of Y demanded increases from 110 to 121. It can be concluded that the price elasticity of demand is: _______.

5. Total revenue rises as the price of a good increases if price elasticity of demand is:

a. unitary elastic

b. perfectly inelastic.

6. The demand for such products as salt, bread, and electricity tend to be:

a. relatively price elastic.

b. relatively price inelastic.

c. of unit price elasticity.

d. perfectly price elastic.

coffeeelephant81

ECO 1104 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Demand Curve, Inferior Good, Normal Good

ECO 1104 Full Course Notes

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