MGTA02H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Harvard Business Review, Frederick Herzberg, Absenteeism
University Of Toronto Scarborough (UTSC) Date: April 2, 2018
Course: MGTA02 (Winter)
Professor: Chris Bovaird
Shahriyar Safavi
Week 12 – Getting People To Try Hard: Motivation
Terminology
1. Motivation: The internal process that gives an individual the energy and desire to act or
behave in a particular way.
2. Classical Theory of Motivation: Workers are motivated only by money.
3. Scientific Management/Taylorism: Managing the business by applying principles of
efficiency derived from time and motion studies. (1911) book by Fredrick Taylor.
4. Alienation: An individual’s loss of the ability to control his or her own life, to make
decisions or to take responsibility for his or her own actions.
5. Hawthorne Studies: A series of research studies designed to examine the relationship
between the work environment and worker productivity.
6. Hawthorne Effect: Workers’ productivity will increase when they feel they are doing
something important, their work matters, and they are worthy of receiving special
attention.
7. Theory X: Assumes that employees are unmotivated and dislike working. This
encourages an authoritarian style of management.
8. Theory Y: Assumes that employees are hardworking, self-motivated, and enjoy
responsibility.
9. Physiological Needs: Food, water, clothing and shelter are the most basic requirements
for survival.
10. Security Needs: The need for physical and emotional support when we are too old or ill
to provide for ourselves.
11. Social Needs: The need for love and affection from friends and family, and a sense of
belonging from our community.
12. Esteem Needs: The desire to be given respect, status or recognition.
13. Self-Actualisation: The ability to grow and develop by learning new skills or acquiring
new experiences.
14. Hierarchy of Needs: According to Maslow’s theory some needs are more basic and
more universally sought after than others.
15. Hygiene Factors: Aspects of a job that dis-satisfy workers.
16. Motivating Factors: Aspects of a job that satisfy and motivate workers.
17. Motivation Hygiene Theory/Two Factor Theory: A theory which differentiates between
the factors which contribute satisfaction and dissatisfaction to employment.
18. Equity Theory: An individual will perceive that he is being treated fairly if he perceives
the ratio of inputs to rewards to be equivalent to those around him. Developed in 1963
by Jon Stacey Adams.
Motivation: Why It’s Important
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•Natural resources – If neglected, abused, or wasted, the cost is finite.
•Capital – If neglected, abused, or wasted, the cost is finite.
•Human resources – If neglected, abused or wasted. May never recover. May try to
undermine.
The Value of Motivation
•Motivation refers to the overall desire to excel.
•The key to leadership success is: MOTIVATING OTHERS TO DO THEIR BEST.
•Losing an employee is costly.
•Hiring and retaining good employees is a major function of management.
•Happy workers lead to happy customers, and happy customers lead to successful
businesses.
Intrinsic VS. Extrinsic
•An Intrinsic Reward is the good feeling you have when you have done a good job.
•An Extrinsic Reward is something given to you by someone else as recognition for good
work and includes pay increases, praise, and promotions.
Evolution of Human Relations Management Concepts
Scientific:
1. Taylor
2. Gantt
3. Gilbreths
Behavioral:
1. Mayo
2. Maslow
3. Herzberg
4. McGregor
5. Ouchi
6. Vroom
Managing The Human Resource
6 Key Theories & Experiments:
•Classical Theory
•Scientific Management
•Hawthorn Experiments
•Theory X and Theory Y
•Maslow: Hierarchy of Needs Herzberg: Two-Factor Theory
Classical Theory
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Document Summary
University of toronto scarborough (utsc) date: april 2, 2018. Week 12 getting people to try hard: motivation. Motivation: why it"s important: natural resources if neglected, abused, or wasted, the cost is finite. Capital if neglected, abused, or wasted, the cost is finite: human resources if neglected, abused or wasted. The value of motivation: motivation refers to the overall desire to excel. The key to leadership success is: motivating others to do their best. Losing an employee is costly: hiring and retaining good employees is a major function of management, happy workers lead to happy customers, and happy customers lead to successful businesses. Behavioral: mayo, maslow, herzberg, mcgregor, ouchi, vroom. Theory x and theory y: maslow: hierarchy of needs herzberg: two-factor theory. Classical theory: workers motivated only by money. First person to implement the scientific management or taylorism was henry ford. Basis: develop best way to perform a job. Some of taylor"s ideas are still being implemented.
