PSYB64H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5 : Cytosine, Guanine, Thymine
Document Summary
Chapter 5: genetics and the development of the human brain. The genetic bases of behavior there are 19,000 protein-encoding genes in the human genome the same dna is in all the cells of the body except red blood cells, sperm and egg cells. Genotype: the genetic composition of an individual organism: consists of 23 matched pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, chromosomes are made of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) Phenotype: the observable appearance of an individual organism. Genes: a functional hereditary unit made up of dna that occupies a fixed location on a chromosome: constructed from combinations of four bases or nucleotides: adenine (a), cytosine (c), guanine (g), and thymine (t) Alleles: alternative version of a particular gene: with two sets of chromosomes, a person can have two versions of an allele at most, there are 3 different alleles for blood type (a, b, o) Homozygous: having two identical alleles for a given gene.
