PSYC18H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Ecological Validity, Stimulus Modality, Oneword
Document Summary
Emblems: nonverbal gestures that directly translate to words: example: peace sign, thumbs up, vary across cultures. Illustrator: nonverbal gesture that accompanies our speech, making it more visual or emphatic: gesturing with our hands while we talk. Regulators: nonverbal behaviours that we use to coordinate conversation: head nodding, encouraging vocalizations of interest. Self-adaptor: nervous behaviours that lack seeming intentions, as if simply to release nervous energy. Displays of emotion: signals in the face, voice, body, and touch that convey emotion. Markers of emotional expression: tend to last just a few seconds. Involve involuntary muscle actions that people cannot deliberately produce and cannot suppress: human emotional expressions often have parallels in displays of other species. Darwin had three principles to explain emotional expression. Principle of serviceable habits: expressive behaviours that helped individuals respond adaptively to threats and opportunities in the evolutionary past will reoccur in the future. Principle of antithesis: opposing states will be associated with opposing expressions.
