BIO130H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1.4: Ammonia, Bacteria, Hyperthermophile
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BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Archaebacterial are more closely related to eukaryotes than they are to eubacteria (bacteria) Extremophiles = live in inhospitable extreme environments. Methanogens= capable of converting co2 and h2 gasses into methane. Halophiles= live in extremely salty conditions (dead sea) Hyperthermophiles= live in hydrothermal vents of ocean floor. Includes the smallest known cells= mycoplasma = only known prokaryotes to lack a cell wall and contains >500 genes. Contains cytoplasmic membranes which serve as sites for photosynthesis. Like plants, it splits water to release oxygen. Capable of nitrogen fixation: conversion of n2 gas into reduced forms (like. Nh3) that can be use by cells in the synthesis of nitrogen containing organic compounds (amino acids, nucleotides) Those capable of photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation can survive the on the barest resources. Microbiologists are only familiar with organisms grown in a culture medium. Prokaryotes are barely visible in a light microscope. Nowadays, in order to examine a particular prokaryote, dna is extracted and analyzed.
