CHM136H1 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.2: Organic Reactions, Covalent Bond, Unpaired Electron

Si Cl Br CH H3C CH CH3 H3C Submit My Answers Give Up Incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining During an elimination mechanism, a carbon-carbon double bond is formed only after two bonds are broken in the original substrate. One bond is broken as the leaving group departs the electrophilic carbon atom, and the other bond is broken as a strong base abstracts a proton from a neighboring carbon atom. You should indicate where the base attack originates. Recall that bases must have one or more free electron pairs and that mechanism arrows must originate from a bond or from an atom that has one or more free electron pairs. Consider which species will act as a base in this reaction, and draw electron-flow arrows (double harpoon) showing how the base attacks a hydrogen atom as well as the fate of the electrons in that C-H bond.

haRtar & HW 1 and F2 Reactions at Alkyl Hante PartB In the presence of zadium cthoxide and hano R3 chloro 2 methyhexane can undergo an climination reaction as well as the SN2 raaction. Complee the reaction mecharizm for the major product of the reacion and draw that product oi the climination reaction connacting raw all miss ng reactants a diar products the a prop ate boxes by placing atoms on the grid and should end on an atom, bond, or where a new bond should be crested. th m with bonds and inc ding charges here needed. Indicate the m chan sm by drawing tha 1 ctran-t ow ar On the molecules. raw s should start an atom ar a bond and Hints CI Br y AnEwo Elve Up Incorrect; Try Again; 4 attempts remaining During an liminsto n mecharism, carben-carbon doublke bond is icrmed only er two bonds are broken in the origina s.batrate. One band ia broken as the leaving group departs the elect ophilic carbon atom, ans the other band iz brokenasa stronabae abstracts praton from a neizhboring carbon atom

Science Tutor: Chemistry Name: Mixtures, Solutions, &Compounds: Chemical Equations Date Chemical Equations If a chemical symbol can be thought of as a letter and a chemical formula as a word in the language of chemistry, then a chemical equation is a statement or sentence. A chemical equation is a shorthand way of describing a chemical reaction between two or more substances. A "+ sign means "combines with." An arrow points away from the reactants and toward the products (See page 10), and an arrow means "yields." 2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl means sodium combines with chlorine to yield sodiumn chloride (salt) Look closely at the equation above. Notice the "2" in front of NaCI on the right and Na on the left. That 2, called a coefficient, is necessary to make this equation balance. Remember Antoine Lavoisier? (Page 15) Matter is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. The same number of each kind of atom must be on both sides of a chemical equation. Because chlorine only exists as a molecule consisting of two chlorine atoms, it requires two atoms of sodium to yield two molecules of salt (NaCI). This illustrates another important law stated clearly by the French chemist Joseph-Louis Proust in 1799. Chemical compounds always combine in certain specific fixed proportions. Wherever sodium and chlorine combine, two atoms of sodium will be necessary to react with one molecule of gaseous chlorine. 1 . For the equation 2Mg + O2→ 2MgO + energy: A. List the reactant or reactants 2Hato B. List the product or products C. How many atoms of magnesium does it take to combine with one molecule of oxygen? D. How many molecules of magnesium oxide are produced in this reaction? 2. Hydrogen can combine with oxygen to produce water. We could write the equation like this: H2 + O2 → H2O. But this equation is unbalanced! Rewrite this equation with the correct coefficients so that an atom of oxygen doesn't disappear! (Be careful. If you add a coefficient to one side you may have to adjust the other. Count all the atoms.) 3. Now that you have the idea, balance the following equations: A, Pho, → PbO + 02 C. Ca + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + H2 How is following a recipe to mix up a batch of biscuits (or any other food item) similar to Proust's law for chemical reactions? 4. OMark Twain Media, Inc., Publishers 17