Biochemistry 2280A Chapter Notes - Chapter 53-55, 72-73, 359-381, 383-396: Ouabain, Inner Mitochondrial Membrane, Glycocalyx
13 Aug 2018
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Isomers: sets of molecules with same chemical formula but different stuctures carbohydrates: 2 monosaccharides linked together = 1 disaccharide. Initiates and maintains the asymmetric arrangement of phospholipids: membranes retain their orientation during transfer between cell compartments, phospholipids and glycolipids are distributed asymmetrically in the lipid bilayer. Porin proteins: form large, water-filled pores in mitochondrial and bacterial outer membranes allow passage of nutrients, metabolites & inorganic ions. Lectins: bind to particular oligosaccharide side chains: made by endothelial cells lining the blood vessel in response to chemical signals from a site of infection. Water and ethanol cross at a measurable rate. Glycerol crosses less rapidly: larger uncharged molecules: cross hardly at all. Glucose, amino acids, nucleosides: charge molecules (inorganic ions): highly impermeable because of their strong electrical attraction to water. Differences in the concentration of inorganic ions across a cell membrane create a. Membrane potential: membrane potential: voltage difference across the membrane due to electrical imbalances.
