Biology 1001A Chapter 8,12: Cycle 2

72 views13 pages

byzantiumllama590

27 Oct 2017

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Textbook Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Chromosomes: the nuclear units of genetic information divided and distributed by mitotic division: chromosomes are the genetic units divided by mitosis. Diploid (2n): cells with two copies of each chromosome in nuclei: humans have 23 different pairs of chromosomes (diploid number = 46) Haploid (n): cells with only one copy in nuclei. Ploidy: the number of chromosome sets of a species. Sister chromatids: two identical copies of each chromosome: occurs before cell divides into mitosis, process involves replicating dna molecules, plus doubling the proteins bound to the. Chromosome segregation: the equal distribution of daughter chromosomes into each of the two daughter cells that result from cell division. Clone: group of cells created by the precision of chromosome replication and segregation in the mitotic cell cycle (all cells are genetically identical except for rare mutations) G0: tage fo(cid:396) (cid:272)ells that a(cid:396)e (cid:374)ot desti(cid:374)ed to di(cid:448)ide afte(cid:396) g(cid:1005) (cid:894)e(cid:374)te(cid:396) a (cid:862)shu(cid:374)t(cid:863)(cid:895, some cells never resume the cycle.

Related Questions

M2A1 Worksheet: Mitosis and Meiosis

A dog is a diploid organisms and has 39 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 78), where n = 39 chromosomes from each parent. Use this example to answer the following question regarding chromosomal number.

INTERPHASE

How many chromosomes are present in the somatic cell?

What do they look like?

What are they âdoingâ in G1 of this phase?

What is happening in the S phase?

What is happening in the G2 phase?

What follows G2 phase in a somatic cell?

What follows G2 phase in a gamete cell?

MITOSIS

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in the daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in the daughter cell.

How many daughter cells are produced?

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid?

How many cell divisions take place?

In what type of cell does this division occur?

Meiosis 1:

Number of chromosomes in the parent cell.

Number of chromatids in the parent cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis I daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis 1?

Meiosis II:

Number of chromosomes in the âparentâ cell (which is a daughter cell from Meiosis I).

Number of chromatids in the âparentâ cell.

Number of chromosomes in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Number of chromatids in each Meiosis II daughter cell.

Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid at the end of Meiosis II?

Which phase or phases of Meiosis account for the genetic variability among the daughter cells? Howâ¦ what happens in this phase to create the diversity?

Comparing Mitosis and Meiosisâ¦..

How many daughter cells result from Mitosis? Are they diploid or haploid?

How many daughter cells result from Meiosis? Are they diploid or Haploid?

Cell structures and function: Match each organelle to its function:

Organelle Function

Lysosome 1. Lipid synthesis

Rough ER 2. Houses DNA

Nucleus 3. Energy extraction

Smooth ER 4. Dismantles debris

Golgi apparatus 5. detoxification

Mitochondria 6. Protein synthesis

Peroxisome 7. Processes secretions

What is the function of checkpoint proteins in the cell cycle?

How can all of a personâs cells contain exactly the same genetic material, yet specialize as bone cells, nerve cells, muscle cells and connective tissues?

What are the 3 primary germ layers?

Briefly, in one or two sentences, distinguish between

a bacterial cell and a eukaryotic cell

interphase and mitosis

mitosis and apoptosis

an autosome and a sex chromosome

homologous pair of chromosomes and a sister chromatid

centromere and centriole

chromosome and chromatid

monozygotic and dizygotic twins

allele and gene

Post-lab question 4

How do you determine the sex of an individual when examining their karyotype?

Post-lab question 6

If the chromosome number for an organism is 22 before mitosis, what is the chromosome number of each daughter cell after mitosis has taken place?

Post-lab question 9

If a cell in an organism had 16 chromosomes before meiosis, how many chromosomes would exist in each nucleus after meiosis? What is the diploid number? What is the haploid number?

After meiosis
Diploid number
Haploid number

Post-lab question 11

Describe the differences between haploid and diploid cells

Where IN THE BODY are they found?

Post-lab question 14

Describe THREE differences in DNA and RNA structure.

Post-lab question 17

What amino acid would be produced if transcription took place from the DNA sequence CAT?

If a genetic mistake took place during replication and the new DNA strand has the sequence CAG what amino acid would result?

What amino acid would result if the genetic mistake resulted in the DNA strand with the sequence GAT?

raspberrywolf709

Question 1 (2 points)

In which phase of cell division is marked by the dissolution of the nuclear membrane, the condensation of chromosomes, and the formation of the mitotic spindle?

Question 1 options:

	prophase
	metaphase
	telophase
	anaphase

Question 2 (2 points)

The physical separation of cells during cell division is called:

Question 2 options:

	Cytokinesis
	Telophase
	Interphase
	Chromosome
	Cell plate

Question 3 (2 points)

Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction; the gametes formed during this process before fertilization are _______________.

Question 3 options:

	Haploid
	Diploid
	Zygote
	Homologous
	Tetrads

Question 4 (2 points)

Mitosis is the process by which a ___________ cell separates the chromosomes in its nucleus into two identical sets of nuclei.

Question 4 options:

	eukaryotic
	prokaryotic
	bacterial
	all of these are correct

Question 5 (2 points)

Which of the following statements about crossing over is INCORRECT?

Question 5 options:

	It occurs between homologous chromosomes
	It allows for two parents to produce many different types of offspring
	It contributes to genetic diversity in a population
	It occurs during prophase I of mitosis

Biology 1001A Chapter 8,12: Cycle 2

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

Biology 1001A Chapter Notes - Chapter 8.3: Cell Plate, Metaphase, Cell Membrane

Biology 1001A Chapter 8.3: Mitosis and the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle (Chapter 8.3)

Biology 1001A Chapter Notes - Chapter Cycle 2: Chromosome Segregation, Deoxycytidine Triphosphate, Dna Polymerase I

Related Questions