Biology 1002B Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Acetyl-Coa, Oxidative Phosphorylation

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5 Feb 2017

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6. 1 - the chemical basis of cellular respiration. Cellular respiration = metabolic prices that breaks down food molecules, and uses the collected free energy to synthesize atp. Atp is the chemical energy used for anabolic reactions (uses energy to assemble simple substances into complex molecules) Oxygen is needed for cellular respiration, this oxygen is the major byproduct of photosynthesis. Life is drive by a cycle of electron ow that is reduced in photosynthesis and oxidized in cellular respiration. Cellular respiration take high energy glucose, and oxidize it into low energy, this electron is used to reduce o2, forming molecules such as co2 and h2o; consumes o2. H2o, and with a boost of light energy, the electrons are used to reduce co2 into high energy glucose, releasing o2 as by product. If a molecule contains an abundance of c-h bonds, it is a good source of chemical energy (ex: glucose and gasoline)

Related Questions

1. All of the following are correct descriptions of photosynthesis except:

A) The Calvin Cycle is endergonic.

B) Electrons are supplied to the reaction center via the splitting of water, which yields O2 as a byproduct

C) Chlorophyll and accessory pigments capture energy from the sun in the form of electrons, which they use to drive the electron transport chains of photosystems I and II.

D) ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions are used to power CO2 fixation via the Calvin cycle in the light-independent reactions.

2. In glycolysis and the TCA cycle, glucose is _____ down to CO2; this process _____ lots of ATP and reducing power. In photosynthesis, CO2 is ______ back to sugar by the _______ of lots of ATP and reducing power.

A) reduced; requires; oxidized; production

B) oxidized; requires; reduced; production

C) oxidized; produces; reduced; input

D) reduced; produced; oxidized; input

3. Which description accurately compares cellular respiration and photosynthesis?

A) Photosynthesis uses energy captured from sunlight to power the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration oxidizes sugars to yield energy for the cell.

B) The ATP produced via cellular respiration is needed to power the reactions of photosynthesis

C) The pathways of photosynthesis are those of cellular respiration run in reverse.

D) Photosynthesis captures energy from sunlight to oxidize carbon dioxide to sugars; cellular respiration reduces these sugars to yield energy for the cell.

While Jill and Andre were studying for their Biology exam, Andre said, âAnimals perform cellular respiration and plants perform photosynthesis.â What about Andreâs statement should Jill have told him was incomplete?

Animals also perform photosynthesis.

Plants do not perform photosynthesis.

Animals do not perform cellular respiration.

Plants also perform cellular respiration.

There is nothing incomplete about Andreâs statement.

Question 3

Select one answer.

10 points

Select the incorrect statement regarding respiration and fermentation from the list below.

Respiration produces much more ATP than fermentation

Respiration produces acidic products, fermentation does not.

Both respiration and fermentation use organic molecules.

Respiration uses oxygen, fermentation does not.

Question 4

Select one answer.

10 points

Energy is harvested from which reaction to produce ATP?

Carbon dioxide and water â sugar and oxygen.

Sugar and oxygen â carbon dioxide and water.

Question 5

Select one answer.

10 points

What is the source of energy for photosynthesis?

Light

CO2

Water

Sugar

Question 6

Select one answer.

10 points

One way to explain how cellular respiration and photosynthesis relate to each other is to say that:

Plant cells use the oxygen produced by respiration for photosynthesis.

The oxygen produced by photosynthesis, once released to the environment, is the oxygen able to be used as the electron acceptors for cellular respiration.

Cellular respiration is a series of reduction reactions while photosynthesis is a series of oxidation reactions.

The two processes are not related.

The use of oxygen by plants contributes to the greenhouse effect.

Question 7

Select one answer.

10 points

The calculated net amount of ATP produced from one glucose molecule during aerobic respiration in eukaryotes is

100

Question 8

Select one answer.

10 points

All of the following statements is true of photosynthesis, EXCEPT:

Releases CO2

Releases oxygen

Glucose is produced.

Water is required

Question 9

Select one answer.

10 points

Which of the following is an anabolic pathway?

photosynthesis

cellular respiration

fermentation

all of these processes

Question 10

Select one answer.

10 points

Plant leaves contain many different pigments. What is the purpose of having multiple pigments?

Capture light for photosynthesis at different wavelengths.

To absorb light that may harm the photosynthetic machinery.

To give leaves different colors in the fall.

orchidpig270

The complete set of reactions carried out by an organism is called:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 2

The breakdown of starch is broken down to glucose is an example of:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 3

For the following statement, determine which description best describes the process: DNA is synthesized from free nucleotides.

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 4

Fill in the blank: Catabolic reactions result in the synthesis of molecules of .............via cellular respiration. This is then used to power anabolic reactions.

Value: 5

The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:

a. it is not possible to release it in a single step.

b. more total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step

c. less total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step.

d. more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step.

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photosynthesis

1-The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include

a. chemiosmosis

b. oxygen liberation

c. glucose synthesis

d. electron transport

Value: 2

Photosynthesis takes place in the membranes of small sacs called

a. thylakoids

b. photosystems

c. stroma

d. photons

Value: 3

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

a. the light-dependent reactions involving photosystems I and II

b. carbon fixation

c. the Krebs cycle

d. O2 is not produced during photosynthesis

Value: 4

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the

a. mitochondria

b. cytoplasm of the cell

c. stroma of the chloroplast

d. thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Value: 5

During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP + Pi and NADP+?

a. the light-dependent reactions

b. the light-independent reactions

c. both of the above

d. none of the above

Value: 6

What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?

a. ATP

b. NADPH

c. glucose

d. H2O

Value: 7

During photosynthesis, photons raise electrons to higher energy levels. These excited electrons belong to what compound?

a. water

b. ATP

c. chlorophyll

d. electron transport chain

Value: 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. photosynthesis occurs only in autotrophs; cellular respiration occurs only in heterotrophs

b. photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP

c. photosynthesis involves the oxidation of glucose; respiration involves the reduction of CO2

d. the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release energy

Biology 1002B Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex, Acetyl-Coa, Oxidative Phosphorylation

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