Biology 1202B Chapter Notes - Chapter 11.3: Critical Role, Cytosine, Organelle
1 May 2017
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Reciprocal translocation, inversion: unbalanced: gain or loss of genetic material - more severe/depends on size and genes/regulatory sequences in the region - ex. 11. 3a deletions, duplications, translocations, and inversions are the most common chromosomal. Inversion: broken segment reattaches to the same chromosome in a reversed orientation - Inheritance of the chromosomal alteration: must be a germ line mutation leading to development of eggs or sperm: somatic cell mutation will only affect that cell and any daughter cells. Translocations and inversions: translocation - segment breaks from one chromosome and attaches to another (nonhomologous chromosome, translocation is often reciprocal - two nonhomologous chromosomes exchange segments - Inversions and translocations are not present in gorillas - changes must have occurred after the gorilla and human evolutionary lineages split. More common in women: aneuploidy of sex chromosomes by nondisjunction or misdivision during meiosis - altered numbers of x and y chromosomes are often survivable.
