Psychology 2720A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Fritz Heider, Eye Contact, Fundamental Attribution Error

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 2720A/B
• Professor: Isaacs

Document Summary

Refers to how people communicate, intentionally or unintentionally, without words. Facial expressions, tone of voice, gestures, body position and movement are the most used. Serve many functions in communication: help people express their emotions, attitudes, personality, play a role in eliciting empathy. Ou(cid:396) te(cid:374)de(cid:374)(cid:272)(cid:455) to (cid:373)i(cid:373)i(cid:272) othe(cid:396) people(cid:859)s fa(cid:272)ial e(cid:454)p(cid:396)essio(cid:374)s (cid:373)a(cid:455) (cid:396)efle(cid:272)t e(cid:373)path(cid:455) Non-verbal cues can also substitute for a verbal message. Da(cid:396)(cid:449)i(cid:374)(cid:859)s (cid:271)elief that the p(cid:396)i(cid:373)a(cid:396)(cid:455) e(cid:373)otio(cid:374)s (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:448)e(cid:455)ed (cid:271)(cid:455) the fa(cid:272)e a(cid:396)e u(cid:374)i(cid:448)e(cid:396)sal a(cid:374)d that human beings everywhere encode or express these emotions in the same way. Maintained that facial expressions were vestiges of once useful physiological reactions. Studies found people are better at detecting angry expressions on males and happy expressions on females. At least six major emotions have universal facial expressions: anger, happiness, surprise, fear, disgust, sadness. Eye contact and eye gaze are particularly powerful non-verbal cues. Cultures also vary greatly on what is considered normative use of personal space.