Sociology 1020 Chapter Notes - Chapter 14: Sex Segregation, Mcdonaldization, Scientific Management
7 Feb 2015
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All societies expend a majority of their creative and intellectual energy sustaining themselves in their natural environments. Work is defined as activity that makes physical materials (manual work), services (service work), or mental constructs/ideas (intellectual work) more useful. Human work is different from animal work because: Humans conceptualize the end product before they even pick up a tool. Human work is purposive and conscious; not performed by instinct. Humans create things through thought which is based on learning. Our ability to communicate symbolically through language enables the ability to work (consciously, purposively, and conceptually) Work is variable and done in many contexts. The division of labour social division of labour is shaped by age and gender humans moved from hunter-gatherer societies to more complex societies; division of labour became more complex (gender and age divisions remain common) Agrarian societies have complex division of labour (also by class and social status)
